{"id":1128,"date":"2023-02-25T09:56:44","date_gmt":"2023-02-25T08:56:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/?page_id=1128"},"modified":"2023-02-25T10:42:12","modified_gmt":"2023-02-25T09:42:12","slug":"vybrane-aspekty-pedagogickej-komunikacie-v-edukacnej-realite-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/vybrane-aspekty-pedagogickej-komunikacie-v-edukacnej-realite-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Vybran\u00e9 aspekty pedagogickej komunik\u00e1cie v eduka\u010dnej realite-2"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1128\" class=\"elementor elementor-1128\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-271e699 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"271e699\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-69151c0\" data-id=\"69151c0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a304e0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9a304e0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">VYBRAN\u00c9 ASPEKTY PEDAGOGICKEJ KOMUNIK\u00c1CIE V EDUKA\u010cNEJ REALITE <\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c7b2341 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c7b2341\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0087dd1\" data-id=\"0087dd1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16bba02 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"16bba02\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">PEDAGOGICK\u00c1 KOMUNIK\u00c1CIA<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7e7ac13 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7e7ac13\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-16f4eed\" data-id=\"16f4eed\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-310e65a elementor-widget__width-auto elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"310e65a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 zameranie kapitoly<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c6e5f1 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"2c6e5f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-check\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Charakterizovanie komunik\u00e1cie vo v\u0161eobecnosti. <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-check\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Definovanie komunikat\u00edvnej kompetencie.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-check\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Definovanie z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch charakteristick\u00fdch znakov komunika\u010dn\u00e9ho procesu.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-check\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Analyzovanie funkci\u00ed procesu komunik\u00e1cie.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-check\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Klasifikovanie komunika\u010dn\u00e9ho procesu pod\u013ea zvolen\u00fdch krit\u00e9ri\u00ed.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-check\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Charakterizovanie verb\u00e1lnej komunik\u00e1cie.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-check\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Charakterizovanie neverb\u00e1lnej komunik\u00e1cie.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-256368f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"256368f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-dedd719\" data-id=\"dedd719\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03907ad elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"03907ad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ako sme u\u017e uviedli vy\u0161\u0161ie, komunik\u00e1cia sa dot\u00fdka mnoh\u00fdch oblast\u00ed \u013eudsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota. V\u00a0s\u00favislosti s\u00a0vymedzen\u00edm z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch druhov komunik\u00e1cie zo v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska, s\u00fastre\u010fujeme pozornos\u0165 na\u00a0pedagogick\u00fa komunik\u00e1ciu. V\u00a0literat\u00fare nach\u00e1dzame ozna\u010denie pedagogickej komunik\u00e1cie ako prepojenie v\u00fdchovy s\u00a0procesom komunik\u00e1cie (Bek\u00e9niov\u00e1, 2015, s. 7). Prvotn\u00e9 vymedzenie pedagogickej komunik\u00e1cie uveden\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom v\u0161ak mo\u017eno pova\u017eova\u0165 za ve\u013emi v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 a\u00a0je nevyhnutn\u00e9 jeho \u010fal\u0161ie, podrobnej\u0161ie a\u00a0ucelenej\u0161ie definovanie. Naviac, pri prepojen\u00ed komunik\u00e1cie s\u00a0procesom v\u00fdchovy nezab\u00fadame ani na s\u00favislos\u0165 komunikovania s\u00a0procesom vzdel\u00e1vania. Aj preto nesmieme redukova\u0165 pedagogick\u00fa komunik\u00e1ciu na komunik\u00e1ciu prebiehaj\u00facu iba v\u00a0procese v\u00fdchovy. Pedagogick\u00e1 komunik\u00e1cia je komunik\u00e1cia realizovan\u00e1 v\u00a0eduka\u010dnom procese, a\u00a0preto s\u00favis\u00ed nielen s\u00a0v\u00fdchovu, ale aj so vzdel\u00e1van\u00edm jedincov. Poznamen\u00e1vame, \u017ee \u201eproces eduk\u00e1cie sa v\u017edy sp\u00e1ja s\u00a0procesom komunik\u00e1cie. Vz\u00e1jomn\u00e1 v\u00fdmena inform\u00e1ci\u00ed, sprostredkovanie u\u010diva, navodenie u\u010debn\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed, vytv\u00e1ranie vz\u00e1jomn\u00fdch vz\u0165ahov a\u00a0pracovno-tvorivej atmosf\u00e9ry nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 bez komunik\u00e1cie\u201c (\u0160u\u0165\u00e1kov\u00e1-Ferencov\u00e1-Zahat\u0148ansk\u00e1, 2017, s. 11). Vymedzen\u00fdmi charakteristikami komunik\u00e1cie vo v\u0161eobecnosti kon\u0161tatujeme, \u017ee komunikovanie je jeden z\u00a0predpokladov efekt\u00edvneho priebehu procesu eduk\u00e1cie. Eduka\u010dn\u00fd proces je vn\u00edman\u00fd ako efekt\u00edvny vtedy, ak je sprostredkovanie u\u010diva \u017eiakom zalo\u017een\u00e9 na porozumen\u00ed vypl\u00fdvaj\u00facom zo vz\u00e1jomnej komunik\u00e1cie medzi u\u010dite\u013eom a\u00a0vychov\u00e1vanou a\u00a0vzdel\u00e1vanou osobou. Ak je komunik\u00e1cia s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou eduka\u010dn\u00e9ho procesu, tak komunik\u00e1ciu vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00fa v\u00a0eduka\u010dnom procese charakterizujeme ako pedagogick\u00e1 komunik\u00e1cia. Pedagogickou komunik\u00e1ciou ozna\u010dujeme \u0161peci\u00e1lnu formu soci\u00e1lnej komunik\u00e1cie (Tomkov\u00e1, 2010, Ti\u0161\u0165anov\u00e1, 2012, Bek\u00e9niov\u00e1, 2015). Ch\u00e1pan\u00edm pedagogickej komunik\u00e1cie ako formy soci\u00e1lnej komunik\u00e1cie pova\u017eujeme za predpoklad uskuto\u010d\u0148ovania pedagogickej komunik\u00e1cie kontakt medzi jedincami charakterizovan\u00fdmi ako \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci eduka\u010dn\u00e9ho procesu. Z\u00a0toho vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee realiz\u00e1cia pedagogickej komunik\u00e1cie determinuje prebiehaj\u00face interakcie medzi participantmi eduka\u010dn\u00e9ho procesu v\u00a0prostred\u00ed \u0161koly. Pedagogick\u00e1 komunik\u00e1cia je nielen determinantom uveden\u00fdch interakci\u00ed, ale aj sp\u00f4sobom ich uskuto\u010d\u0148ovania. Uveden\u00fd kontakt zah\u0155\u0148a hlavne interakciu medzi \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkmi eduka\u010dn\u00e9ho procesu, za ktor\u00fdch pova\u017eujeme naj\u010dastej\u0161ie u\u010dite\u013ea a\u00a0\u017eiaka, resp. \u0161tudenta. Ke\u010f\u017ee ide o\u00a0interakciu medzi \u013eudsk\u00fdmi bytos\u0165ami, tak kontakt u\u010dite\u013ea s\u00a0vychov\u00e1van\u00fdmi a\u00a0vzdel\u00e1van\u00fdmi osobami v\u00a0\u0161kolskom prostred\u00ed pova\u017eujeme za soci\u00e1lny kontakt, prostredn\u00edctvom ktor\u00e9ho doch\u00e1dza komunikovan\u00edm k\u00a0odovzd\u00e1vaniu aj k prij\u00edmaniu inform\u00e1cii \u0161irok\u00e9ho spektra.<\/p>\n\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pedagogick\u00e1 komunik\u00e1cia je druh soci\u00e1lnej komunik\u00e1cie. Uveden\u00fd druh komunik\u00e1cie je s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou v\u00fdchovno-vzdel\u00e1vacieho a\u00a0prispieva k\u00a0efekt\u00edvnemu priebehu eduk\u00e1cie v\u00a0prostred\u00ed \u0161koly. V\u00a0porovnan\u00ed s\u00a0komunik\u00e1ciou vo v\u0161eobecnosti sa pedagogick\u00e1 komunik\u00e1cia \u0161pecifikuje na konkr\u00e9tnych \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov eduka\u010dn\u00e9ho procesu, ktor\u00fdmi s\u00fa u\u010dite\u013e a\u00a0\u017eiak (\u0161tudent).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u00a0literat\u00fare sa m\u00f4\u017eeme stretn\u00fa\u0165 aj s\u00a0\u010fal\u0161\u00edmi ozna\u010deniami komunika\u010dn\u00e9ho procesu medzi u\u010dite\u013eom a\u00a0\u017eiakom. Niektor\u00ed autori vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa ozna\u010denie \u201ev\u00fdu\u010dbov\u00e1 komunik\u00e1cia\u201c, ktor\u00e1 zah\u0155\u0148a spom\u00ednan\u00fa komunik\u00e1ciu medzi u\u010dite\u013eom a\u00a0\u017eiakom po\u010das vyu\u010dovacej hodiny (\u0160edov\u00e1-\u0160va\u0159\u00ed\u010dek-\u0160alamounov\u00e1, 2012, s. 19-20). Proces komunik\u00e1cie ozna\u010dovan\u00fd ako v\u00fdu\u010dbov\u00e1 komunik\u00e1cia pod\u013ea na jednej strane zd\u00f4raz\u0148uje prebiehaj\u00faci proces komunik\u00e1cie u\u010dite\u013ea a\u00a0\u017eiaka po\u010das vyu\u010dovacej hodiny. Na strane druhej kon\u0161tatujeme, \u017ee v\u00fdraz \u201epedagogick\u00e1 komunik\u00e1cia\u201c exaktnej\u0161ie vystihuje interakciu medzi u\u010dite\u013eom a\u00a0\u017eiakom po\u010das procesu komunik\u00e1cie medzi uveden\u00fdmi \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkmi vo v\u0161eobecnosti a\u00a0v\u00a0\u0161ir\u0161om kontexte. Pedagogick\u00fa interakciu nem\u00f4\u017eeme limitova\u0165 iba na proces vyu\u010dovania, nako\u013eko zah\u0155\u0148a aj komunikovanie u\u010dite\u013ea a\u00a0\u017eiaka mimo spomenut\u00e9ho procesu. Preto nem\u00f4\u017eeme hovori\u0165 o redukovan\u00ed pedagogickej komunik\u00e1cie na v\u00fdu\u010dbov\u00fa komunik\u00e1ciu. Rovnako nemo\u017eno stoto\u017e\u0148ova\u0165 v\u00fdu\u010dbov\u00fa komunik\u00e1ciu s\u00a0pedagogickou komunik\u00e1ciou. V\u00fdu\u010dbov\u00fa komunik\u00e1ciu ch\u00e1peme sk\u00f4r ako jednu z\u00a0mo\u017enost\u00ed uskuto\u010d\u0148ovania pedagogickej komunik\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Rovnako m\u00f4\u017eeme zd\u00f4razni\u0165, \u017ee obsah komunikovania v\u00a0eduka\u010dnom procese vymedzujeme vo v\u0161eobecnosti nasledovne (Ti\u0161\u0165anov\u00e1, 2012):<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1) vzdel\u00e1vac\u00ed obsah, inform\u00e1cie o\u00a0u\u010debnej l\u00e1tke,<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2) hodnotiace inform\u00e1cie, riadiace a\u00a0organiza\u010dn\u00e9 pokyny,<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3) spr\u00e1vy, osobn\u00e9 a\u00a0empatick\u00e9 vyjadrenia<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Komunik\u00e1cia \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov pedagogickej komunik\u00e1cie nemus\u00ed by\u0165 zameran\u00e1 iba na u\u010debn\u00fa l\u00e1tku \u010di organiza\u010dn\u00e9 pokyny s\u00favisiace s\u00a0eduka\u010dn\u00fdm procesom. Neodmyslite\u013enou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou eduka\u010dn\u00e9ho procesu s\u00fa aj osobnostn\u00e9 charakteristiky jednotliv\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov (Nov\u00e1k, 2022). Obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 pre u\u010dite\u013eov je v\u00a0komunikovan\u00ed so \u017eiakmi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 realizova\u0165 uveden\u00fd proces bez zaujatia vo\u010di \u017eiakom.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Komunik\u00e1ciu vo vyu\u010dovacom procese ovplyv\u0148uje nieko\u013eko faktorov (\u0160u\u0165\u00e1kov\u00e1-Ferencov\u00e1-Zahat\u0148ansk\u00e1, 2017):<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; ciele vyu\u010dovania (zameranie na rozvoj osobnosti \u017eiaka v\u00a0kognit\u00edvnej, afekt\u00edvnej, psychomotorickej a\u00a0konat\u00edvnej oblasti),<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; vyu\u010dovac\u00ed predmet, u\u010divo, vyu\u017eit\u00e9 formy a\u00a0met\u00f3dy vyu\u010dovania, didaktick\u00e9 prostriedky, u\u010debn\u00e9 pom\u00f4cky,<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; \u017eiak (individu\u00e1lne \u0161pecifik\u00e1, vekov\u00e9 \u0161pecifik\u00e1, nadobudnut\u00e9 vedomosti, schopnosti, zru\u010dnosti, z\u00e1ujem, motiv\u00e1cia, socio-kult\u00farne \u0161pecifik\u00e1),<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; u\u010dite\u013e (profesijn\u00e9 kompetencie a\u00a0\u00farove\u0148 ich rozvoja, vz\u0165ah k\u00a0pr\u00e1ci, vz\u0165ah k\u00a0\u017eiakom, \u0161t\u00fdl vyu\u010dovania)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; podmienky vyu\u010dovania v\u00a0r\u00e1mci triedy (materi\u00e1lne vybavenie, kl\u00edma triedy, spolupr\u00e1ca s\u00a0rodi\u010dmi),<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; podmienky vyu\u010dovania v\u00a0r\u00e1mci \u0161koly (spolupr\u00e1ca pedagogick\u00fdch a\u00a0odborn\u00fdch zamestnancov, podpora inovat\u00edvnych zmien, \u0161t\u00fdl riadenia a\u00a0vedenia \u0161koly, kl\u00edma \u0161koly).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pri charakterizovan\u00ed komunika\u010dn\u00e9ho procesu vo vyu\u010dovan\u00ed zohr\u00e1vaj\u00fa okrem samotn\u00e9ho zamerania a\u00a0smerovania vyu\u010dovania nezanedbate\u013en\u00fa \u00falohu aj individu\u00e1lne a\u00a0osobnostn\u00e9 charakteristiky rovnako u\u010dite\u013ea, ako aj \u017eiaka.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u00a0neposlednom rade nevynech\u00e1vame z\u00a0centra pozornosti ani sp\u00e4tn\u00fa v\u00e4zbu ako nezanedbate\u013en\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 komunik\u00e1cie vo v\u0161eobecnosti, ako aj pedagogickej komunik\u00e1cie. \u0160e\u010fov\u00e1 (2012) uv\u00e1dza nasleduj\u00face mo\u017enosti sp\u00e4tnej v\u00e4zby pri odpovediach \u017eiakov:<\/p>\n\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n \t<li><strong>Pri spr\u00e1vnej odpovedi \u017eiaka:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n \t<li>potvrdenie odpovede + vlastn\u00fd v\u00fdklad,<\/li>\n \t<li>potvrdenie odpovede + polo\u017eenie \u010fal\u0161ej ot\u00e1zky nadv\u00e4zuj\u00facej na predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facu odpove\u010f \u017eiaka.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2) Pri nespr\u00e1vnej odpovedi \u017eiaka<\/strong> &#8211; explicitn\u00e1 oprava (spr\u00e1vna odpove\u010f u\u010dite\u013eom).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Z\u00e1rove\u0148 chceme pouk\u00e1za\u0165 na\u00a0 nasleduj\u00face odpor\u00fa\u010dania pre u\u010dite\u013eov pri realiz\u00e1cii sp\u00e4tnej v\u00e4zby (\u0160e\u010fov\u00e1, 2012)<\/p>\n\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n \t<li>Vy\u010dleni\u0165 si \u010das na sp\u00e4tn\u00fa v\u00e4zbu (nie je potrebn\u00e9 ob\u0161\u00edrnym sp\u00f4sobom okomentova\u0165 odpovede \u017eiakov). Je potrebn\u00e9 zamera\u0165 sa na kladenie men\u0161ieho po\u010dtu ot\u00e1zok a\u00a0v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed priestor venova\u0165 pr\u00e1ci s\u00a0odpove\u010fami \u017eiakov.<\/li>\n \t<li>Pri poskytovan\u00ed sp\u00e4tnej v\u00e4zby nie je potrebn\u00e9 pon\u00e1h\u013ea\u0165 sa. V\u00a0tejto s\u00favislosti je mo\u017en\u00e9 zopakovanie odpovede \u017eiaka s\u00a0pridan\u00edm svojej odpovede.<\/li>\n \t<li>Sp\u00e4tn\u00e1 v\u00e4zba by mala prin\u00e1\u0161a\u0165 do komunik\u00e1cie nov\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie. Aj spr\u00e1vne odpovede je mo\u017en\u00e9 doplni\u0165, pri nespr\u00e1vnych je potrebn\u00e1 spr\u00e1vna interpret\u00e1cia.<\/li>\n \t<li>Trpezlivos\u0165 pri \u00faprave nespr\u00e1vnych odpoved\u00ed, a\u00a0to najm\u00e4 pri viacer\u00fdch nespr\u00e1vnych odpovediach nielen jedn\u00e9ho \u017eiaka, ale aj viacer\u00fdch v\u00a0triede.<\/li>\n \t<li>Prvorad\u00fd je obsah komunikovanej inform\u00e1cie, spisovnos\u0165 a\u00a0form\u00e1lnos\u0165 je u\u010dite\u013eom opravovan\u00e1 a\u017e pri pr\u00edpadnom opakovan\u00ed prezentovanej inform\u00e1cie.<\/li>\n \t<li>Sp\u00e4tn\u00e1 v\u00e4zba by sa mala dot\u00fdka\u0165 bezprostrednej komunika\u010dnej situ\u00e1cie.<\/li>\n \t<li>Pri ude\u013eovan\u00ed pochvaly je potrebn\u00e9 presne vyzdvihn\u00fa\u0165, za \u010do je \u017eiak pochv\u00e1len\u00fd.<\/li>\n \t<li>Kritika by nemala absentova\u0165, nako\u013eko spravidla \u017eiaci vn\u00edmaj\u00fa priaznivej\u0161ie pochvalu od u\u010dite\u013ea, ktor\u00fd vie do svojej sp\u00e4tnej v\u00e4zby zakomponova\u0165 aj kritiku.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sp\u00e4tn\u00fa v\u00e4zbu pova\u017eujeme za z\u00e1klad efektivity nielen komunika\u010dn\u00e9ho procesu, ale aj pedagogickej komunik\u00e1cie. Interakcia medzi u\u010dite\u013eom a\u00a0\u017eiakom nem\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 efekt\u00edvna, ak je uveden\u00fd proces preva\u017ene jednostrann\u00fd. Nezanedbate\u013en\u00fdm predpokladom efekt\u00edvnej sp\u00e4tnej v\u00e4zby v\u00a0pedagogickej komunik\u00e1cii je hlavne trpezlivos\u0165 u\u010dite\u013ea, ke\u010f\u017ee reakcie \u017eiakov v\u00a0mnoh\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch nezodpovedaj\u00fa o\u010dak\u00e1vaniam a\u00a0n\u00e1rokom.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>VYBRAN\u00c9 ASPEKTY PEDAGOGICKEJ KOMUNIK\u00c1CIE V EDUKA\u010cNEJ REALITE PEDAGOGICK\u00c1 KOMUNIK\u00c1CIA K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 zameranie kapitoly Charakterizovanie komunik\u00e1cie vo v\u0161eobecnosti. Definovanie komunikat\u00edvnej kompetencie. Definovanie z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch charakteristick\u00fdch znakov komunika\u010dn\u00e9ho procesu. Analyzovanie funkci\u00ed procesu komunik\u00e1cie. Klasifikovanie komunika\u010dn\u00e9ho procesu pod\u013ea zvolen\u00fdch krit\u00e9ri\u00ed. Charakterizovanie verb\u00e1lnej komunik\u00e1cie. Charakterizovanie neverb\u00e1lnej komunik\u00e1cie. Ako sme u\u017e uviedli vy\u0161\u0161ie, komunik\u00e1cia sa dot\u00fdka mnoh\u00fdch oblast\u00ed \u013eudsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota. V\u00a0s\u00favislosti s\u00a0vymedzen\u00edm [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1128","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1128","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1128"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1128\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1184,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1128\/revisions\/1184"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1128"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}