{"id":12566,"date":"2025-11-10T19:33:01","date_gmt":"2025-11-10T18:33:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/?page_id=12566"},"modified":"2025-11-21T19:00:57","modified_gmt":"2025-11-21T18:00:57","slug":"jazykova-kultura-4-1","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/jazykova-kultura-4-1\/","title":{"rendered":"jazykova-kultura-4-1"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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JAZYKOV\u00c1 KULT\u00daRA \u2014 P\u00cdSOMN\u00dd A \u00daSTNY PREJAV<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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4.1 Ve\u013ek\u00e9 p\u00edsmen\u00e1 na za\u010diatku vlastn\u00fdch mien a vn\u00fatri viacslovn\u00fdch vlastn\u00fdch mien<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Vlastn\u00e9 men\u00e1 s\u00fa pomenovania jedine\u010dn\u00fdch os\u00f4b, zvierat alebo ne\u017eiv\u00e9ho predmetu. M\u00f4\u017eu pozost\u00e1va\u0165 z\u00a0jedn\u00e9ho alebo viacer\u00fdch slov. Popri jednoslovn\u00fdch vlastn\u00fdch men\u00e1ch<\/em><\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 sa p\u00ed\u0161u ve\u013ek\u00fdm za\u010diato\u010dn\u00fdm p\u00edsmenom, existuj\u00fa aj v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 podstatn\u00e9 men\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 sa p\u00ed\u0161u mal\u00fdm p\u00edsmenom, napr. slnko <\/em>(energia a teplo zo Slnka) \u2014 Slnko<\/em> (nebesk\u00e9 teleso), vlk <\/em>\u2014 Vlk<\/em> (priezvisko), napred <\/em>\u2014 Napred<\/em> (n\u00e1zov \u010dasopisu). Vlastn\u00fdmi menami b\u00fdvaj\u00fa aj viacslovn\u00e9 pomenovania<\/em><\/strong>. M\u00f4\u017ee vznikn\u00fa\u0165 dvomi sp\u00f4sobmi: 1. viacslovn\u00e9 pomenovanie ako ofici\u00e1lny n\u00e1zov sa st\u00e1va vlastn\u00fdm len ako celok, vtedy p\u00ed\u0161eme ve\u013ek\u00fdm p\u00edsmenom len prv\u00e9 slovo, napr. S<\/em><\/strong>lovensk\u00e1 akad\u00e9mia vied<\/em>, K<\/em><\/strong>aspick\u00e9 more<\/em>; 2. s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou viacslovn\u00e9ho vlastn\u00e9ho mena je in\u00e9 vlastn\u00e9 meno, ktor\u00e9 si ponech\u00e1va ve\u013ek\u00e9 za\u010diato\u010dn\u00e9 p\u00edsmeno, vtedy p\u00ed\u0161eme ve\u013ek\u00e9 p\u00edsmeno aj vn\u00fatri n\u00e1zvu, napr. S<\/em><\/strong>lovensk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00e9 povstanie<\/em> \u2014 N<\/em><\/strong>\u00e1mestie S<\/strong>lovensk\u00e9ho n\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho povstania<\/em>, T<\/em><\/strong>rnavsk\u00e1 univerzita <\/em>\u2014 P<\/strong>r\u00e1vnick\u00e1 fakulta T<\/strong>rnavskej univerzity<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Pozn\u00e1mka<\/strong><\/p>

Viacslovn\u00e9 vlastn\u00e9 men\u00e1 sa m\u00f4\u017eu v\u00a0neofici\u00e1lnych hovorov\u00fdch prejavoch skracova\u0165, ak je z\u00a0kontextu jasn\u00e9, ktor\u00e9 \u00fapln\u00e9 vlastn\u00e9 meno zastupuj\u00fa. V\u00a0ofici\u00e1lnych dokumentoch sa musia pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 \u00fapln\u00e9 podoby viacslovn\u00fdch vlastn\u00fdch mien, napr. M<\/em><\/strong>atica slovensk\u00e1 <\/em>\u2014 M<\/strong>atica, S<\/strong>lovensk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00e9 divadlo <\/em>\u2014 N<\/strong>\u00e1rodn\u00e9 divadlo, E<\/strong>ur\u00f3pska \u00fania <\/em>\u2014 \u00da<\/strong>nia<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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P\u00cdSANIE VE\u013dK\u00ddCH P\u00cdSMEN VO VLASTN\u00ddCH MEN\u00c1CH \u013dUD\u00cd A\u00a0\u017dIV\u00ddCH BYTOST\u00cd:<\/strong><\/p>

\u2014 men\u00e1 pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edkov n\u00e1rodov, etn\u00edk a\u00a0obyvate\u013esk\u00e9 men\u00e1 utvoren\u00e9 od vlastn\u00fdch mien, napr. S<\/em><\/strong>lovan, V<\/strong>andal, P<\/strong>ozem\u0161\u0165an, T<\/strong>rnav\u010dan, P<\/strong>oloameri\u010dan<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Porovnanie<\/strong><\/p>

V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 podst. m., ktor\u00e9 vznikli z vlastn\u00fdch mien pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edkov n\u00e1rodov, kme\u0148ov, etnick\u00fdch skup\u00edn alebo obyvate\u013esk\u00fdch mien sa p\u00ed\u0161u mal\u00fdmi p\u00edsmenami<\/strong>, napr. vandal<\/em> (ni\u010dite\u013e), \u0161k\u00f3t <\/em>(sk\u00fapy \u010dlovek). Rovnako aj pomenovania s ironick\u00fdm v\u00fdznamom odvoden\u00e9 od vlastn\u00fdch mien n\u00e1rodov a obyvate\u013esk\u00fdch mien, napr. hejslov\u00e1k<\/em>, kv\u00e1zibratislav\u010dan<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2014 men\u00e1 \u013eud\u00ed a\u00a0\u017eiv\u00fdch bytost\u00ed, ako rodn\u00e9 men\u00e1 a\u00a0priezvisk\u00e1, prez\u00fdvky \u010di pseudonymy, napr. K<\/em><\/strong>arol<\/em>, K<\/em><\/strong>uku\u010d\u00edn<\/em>, A<\/strong>nonymus;<\/p>

\u2014 rodinn\u00e9 men\u00e1 a\u00a0n\u00e1zvy dynasti\u00ed zakon\u010den\u00e9 na -ovci<\/em><\/strong> a men\u00e1 viacer\u00fdch os\u00f4b s\u00a0rovnak\u00fdm menom s\u00a0pr\u00edponou -ovia<\/em><\/strong>, napr. H<\/em><\/strong>absburgovci, S<\/strong>v\u00e4toplukovia.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Pozn\u00e1mka<\/strong><\/p>

Men\u00e1 pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edkov, pr\u00edvr\u017eencov k nejak\u00e9mu hnutiu, k politickej strane, ku kult\u00farnej organiz\u00e1cii alebo men\u00e1 zamestnancov podniku \u010di organiz\u00e1cie sa p\u00ed\u0161u mal\u00fdmi p\u00edsmenami<\/strong>, napr. \u0161t\u00farovci, hlinkovci, mati\u010diari<\/em>.<\/p>

Rodinn\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy v nezhodnom pr\u00edvlastku sklo\u0148ujeme, napr. rod Habsburgovcov<\/em>, pr\u00edpustn\u00e9, ale nesyst\u00e9mov\u00e9 je nap\u00edsa\u0165 rodina Tr\u00e1vni\u010dkov\u00e1<\/em>, nespr\u00e1vne rodina Tr\u00e1vni\u010dkova<\/em> a rodina Tr\u00e1vni\u010dkov\u00fdch<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2014 pr\u00edvlastky pri rodn\u00fdch men\u00e1ch panovn\u00edkov alebo in\u00fdch historick\u00fdch post\u00e1v, napr. Alexander V<\/strong>e\u013ek\u00fd, Al\u017ebeta II. (D<\/strong>ruh\u00e1), Kon\u0161tant\u00edn F<\/strong>ilozof<\/em>;<\/p>

\u2014 men\u00e1 bohov a\u00a0bo\u017estiev, rozli\u010dn\u00fdch biblick\u00fdch bytost\u00ed, napr. P<\/em><\/strong>oseid\u00f3n<\/em>, V<\/em><\/strong>enu\u0161a<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Pozn\u00e1mka<\/strong><\/p>

V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 pomenovanie boh<\/em><\/strong> sa p\u00ed\u0161e mal\u00fdmi p\u00edsmenami a\u00a0Boh<\/em><\/strong> v\u00a0kres\u0165anskom ch\u00e1pan\u00ed sa p\u00ed\u0161e ve\u013ek\u00fdm za\u010diato\u010dn\u00fdm p\u00edsmenom, napr. boh Zeus<\/em>, Boh Otec<\/em>.<\/p>

V ust\u00e1len\u00fdch spojeniach a obrazn\u00fdch pomenovaniach sa p\u00ed\u0161e slovo bo\u017e\u00ed<\/em><\/strong> s mal\u00fdm za\u010diato\u010dn\u00fdm p\u00edsmenom, napr. ka\u017ed\u00fd bo\u017e\u00ed de\u0148<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2014 v\u00a0n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch textoch na znak \u00facty ka\u017ed\u00e9 pomenovanie zastupuj\u00face meno kres\u0165ansk\u00e9ho Boha a\u00a0Je\u017ei\u0161a Krista, napr. N<\/em><\/strong>ebesk\u00fd O<\/strong>tec, S<\/strong>tvorite\u013e<\/em>, M<\/em><\/strong>atka B<\/strong>o\u017eia<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Porovnanie<\/strong><\/p>

M<\/em><\/strong>atka B<\/strong>o\u017eia (B<\/strong>o\u017eia M<\/strong>atka)<\/em>, P<\/em><\/strong>anna M<\/strong>\u00e1ria<\/em> \u2014 obe ve\u013ek\u00e9 p\u00edsmen\u00e1 na za\u010diatku viacslovn\u00fdch pomenovan\u00ed na ozna\u010denie N<\/em><\/strong>ebeskej M<\/strong>atky<\/em>, ale viacslovn\u00e9 pomenovanie S<\/em><\/strong>edembolestn\u00e1\u00a0 matka<\/em> (M<\/strong>atka sedembolestn\u00e1)<\/em> sa p\u00ed\u0161e ve\u013ek\u00fdm p\u00edsmenom iba na za\u010diatku n\u00e1zvu.<\/p>

P<\/em><\/strong>\u00e1n B<\/strong>oh<\/em> (v kres\u0165anskom ch\u00e1pan\u00ed) \u2014 p\u00e1nboh<\/em> (najm\u00e4 v ust\u00e1len\u00fdch spojeniach)<\/p>

J<\/em><\/strong>e\u017ei\u0161ko <\/em>(mal\u00fd Je\u017ei\u0161 Kristus) \u2014 k\u00fapi\u0165 je\u017ei\u0161ka<\/em> (dar\u010dek pod viano\u010dn\u00fd strom\u010dek)<\/p>

S<\/em><\/strong>pasite\u013e<\/em> (Je\u017ei\u0161 Kristus) \u2014 spasite\u013e <\/em>(z\u00e1chranca)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2014 v spojeniach so slovom sv\u00e4t\u00fd, <\/em>napr.\u00a0 S<\/strong>v\u00e4t\u00fd D<\/strong>uch, S<\/strong>v\u00e4t\u00e1 T<\/strong>rojica, S<\/strong>v\u00e4t\u00fd O<\/strong>tec na znak \u00facty;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Pozn\u00e1mka<\/strong><\/p>

Pr\u00edvlastok sv\u00e4t\u00fd<\/em><\/strong> pred vlastn\u00fdm menom sv\u00e4tca p\u00ed\u0161eme mal\u00fdmi p\u00edsmenami (rovnako jeho skratku sv.<\/em><\/strong>), napr. sv\u00e4t\u00fd Michal<\/em>, Spolok sv. Vojtecha<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2014 zosob\u0148uj\u00face (personifikuj\u00face) men\u00e1, ako mytologick\u00e9, alegorick\u00e9 \u010di rozpr\u00e1vkov\u00e9 bytosti, napr. V<\/em><\/strong>alibuk, S<\/strong>nehulienka, <\/em>pri\u010dom vo viacslovn\u00fdch pomenovaniach sa p\u00ed\u0161e ve\u013ek\u00e9 p\u00edsmeno iba na za\u010diatku cel\u00e9ho pomenovania, napr. \u010c<\/em><\/strong>erven\u00e1 \u010diapo\u010dka,<\/em> ale ak sa nech\u00e1pe ako spojenie rodn\u00e9ho mena a\u00a0priezviska, p\u00ed\u0161u sa obe ve\u013ek\u00e9, napr. \u0160<\/em><\/strong>\u00edpkov\u00e1 R<\/strong>u\u017eenka<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Porovnanie<\/strong><\/p>

Treba odl\u00ed\u0161i\u0165 vlastn\u00e9 men\u00e1 mytologick\u00fdch, rozpr\u00e1vkov\u00fdch a\u00a0biblick\u00fdch post\u00e1v od v\u0161eobecn\u00fdch podst. m. pomen\u00favaj\u00facich osoby s\u00a0ist\u00fdmi vlastnos\u0165ami; \u010dasto ide o\u00a0prenesen\u00e9 pejorat\u00edvne pomenovania os\u00f4b alebo expres\u00edvne ozna\u010denie os\u00f4b, p\u00ed\u0161u sa mal\u00fdmi p\u00edsmenami:<\/p>

V<\/em><\/strong>alibuk <\/em>(rozpr\u00e1vkov\u00e1 postava) \u2014 valibuk<\/em> (sil\u00e1k)<\/p>

L<\/em><\/strong>ucifer (vl\u00e1dca pekla) <\/em>\u2014 lucifer<\/em> (zl\u00fd \u010dlovek)<\/p>

B<\/em><\/strong>elzebub<\/em> (knie\u017ea diablov) \u2014 belzebub<\/em> (zamra\u010den\u00fd, nev\u013e\u00fadny \u010dlovek)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Porovnanie<\/strong><\/p>

P\u00edsanie pr\u00eddavn\u00fdch mien utvoren\u00fdch od vlastn\u00fdch mien \u013eud\u00ed a\u00a0\u017eiv\u00fdch bytost\u00ed:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>

\u2014 s\u00a0ve\u013ek\u00fdm za\u010d. p\u00edsmenom sa p\u00ed\u0161u pr\u00edd. m. utvoren\u00e9 pomocou pr\u00edpon -in<\/em><\/strong>, -ej<\/em><\/strong>, alebo -ov<\/em><\/strong>, -ho<\/em><\/strong>, -\u00e9ho<\/em><\/strong>, napr. M<\/em><\/strong>\u00e1riin<\/em>, M<\/em><\/strong>ilo\u0161ov<\/em>, J<\/em><\/strong>esensk\u00e9ho<\/em>, P<\/em><\/strong>odjavorinskej<\/em>;<\/p>

\u2014 s\u00a0mal\u00fdm za\u010d. p\u00edsmenom sa p\u00ed\u0161u pr\u00edd. m. odvoden\u00e9 od vlastn\u00fdch mien os\u00f4b alebo zvierat pr\u00edponami -sk\u00fd<\/em><\/strong>, -ovsk\u00fd<\/em><\/strong>, napr. \u0160t\u00far <\/em>\u2014 \u0161t\u00farovsk\u00fd<\/em>, Mikul\u00e1\u0161 <\/em>\u2014 mikul\u00e1\u0161sky<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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P\u00cdSANIE VE\u013dK\u00ddCH P\u00cdSMEN V\u00a0ZEMEPISN\u00ddCH N\u00c1ZVOCH:<\/strong><\/p>

\u2014 miest a\u00a0obc\u00ed, v ktor\u00fdch p\u00ed\u0161eme ve\u013ek\u00fdmi za\u010diato\u010dn\u00fdmi p\u00edsmenami v\u0161etky plnov\u00fdznamov\u00e9 slov\u00e1, napr. N<\/em><\/strong>ov\u00e9 M<\/strong>esto nad V<\/strong>\u00e1hom<\/em>, M<\/em><\/strong>ari\u00e1nske L<\/strong>\u00e1zn\u011b<\/em>;<\/p>

\u2014 \u010dast\u00ed miest a\u00a0obc\u00ed ako samostatn\u00fdch administrat\u00edvnych jednotiek, v ktor\u00fdch p\u00ed\u0161eme ve\u013ek\u00fdmi za\u010diato\u010dn\u00fdmi p\u00edsmenami v\u0161etky plnov\u00fdznamov\u00e9 slov\u00e1, napr. N<\/em><\/strong>ov\u00e9 M<\/strong>esto<\/em>, D<\/em><\/strong>ev\u00ednska N<\/strong>ov\u00e1 V<\/strong>es<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Pozn\u00e1mka<\/strong><\/p>

Neofici\u00e1lne obrazn\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy miest a\u00a0obc\u00ed sa p\u00ed\u0161u s\u00a0ve\u013ek\u00fdm p\u00edsmenom iba na za\u010diatku n\u00e1zvu, napr. M<\/em><\/strong>esto na Dunaji<\/em> (Bratislava), V<\/em><\/strong>e\u010dn\u00e9 mesto<\/em> (R\u00edm), M<\/em><\/strong>al\u00fd R\u00edm<\/em> (Trnava).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2014 ul\u00edc, s\u00eddlisk, n\u00e1bre\u017e\u00ed, n\u00e1mest\u00ed, sadov, z\u00e1hrad, cintor\u00ednov, napr. U<\/em><\/strong>lica slobody<\/em>, P<\/em><\/strong>ekn\u00e1 cesta<\/em>, N<\/em><\/strong>\u00e1mestie SNP<\/em>, S<\/em><\/strong>ad Janka Kr\u00e1\u013ea<\/em>, S<\/em><\/strong>\u00eddlisko ml\u00e1de\u017ee<\/em>, N<\/em><\/strong>\u00e1rodn\u00fd cintor\u00edn<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Pozn\u00e1mka<\/strong><\/p>

Ak druhov\u00e9 ozna\u010denia ulica<\/strong>, s\u00eddlisko<\/strong> stojace pred vlastn\u00fdm pomenovan\u00edm nie s\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou vlastn\u00e9ho mena, p\u00ed\u0161u sa s mal\u00fdm za\u010diato\u010dn\u00fdm p\u00edsmenom, napr. ulica K<\/strong>a\u0161tie\u013eska<\/em>, s\u00eddlisko S<\/strong>\u00e1sov\u00e1<\/em>.<\/p>

N\u00e1zvy s\u00eddlisk sa tvoria pomocou nezhodn\u00e9ho genit\u00edvneho pr\u00edvlastku, napr. S<\/em><\/strong>\u00eddlisko mieru<\/u><\/em>, nie S\u00eddlisko mier<\/em>. V\u00fdnimkou je n\u00e1zov S<\/em><\/strong>\u00eddlisko S<\/strong>ever<\/em>, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 nominat\u00edvnu, pomen\u00favaciu podobu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2014 \u0161t\u00e1tov (v ktor\u00fdch sa nepou\u017e\u00edva priamo slovo \u0161t\u00e1t, kr\u00e1\u013eovstvo, republika \u2014 tie sa p\u00ed\u0161u iba ve\u013ek\u00fdm za\u010diato\u010dn\u00fdm p\u00edsmenom na za\u010diatku n\u00e1zvu, napr. \u010c<\/em><\/strong>esk\u00e1 republika<\/em>, okrem ofici\u00e1lneho n\u00e1zvu \u010c<\/em><\/strong>esk\u00e1 a S<\/strong>lovensk\u00e1 F<\/strong>ederat\u00edvna R<\/strong>epublika<\/em>), napr. \u010c<\/em><\/strong>ierna H<\/strong>ora<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Porovnanie<\/strong><\/p>

Treba odl\u00ed\u0161i\u0165 vlastn\u00e9 men\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 pomen\u00favaj\u00fa t\u00fdm ist\u00fdm n\u00e1zvom viacer\u00e9 objekty:<\/p>

P<\/em><\/strong>obre\u017eie S<\/strong>lonoviny<\/em> (\u0161t\u00e1t v rovn\u00edkovej Afrike) \u2014 P<\/em><\/strong>obre\u017eie slonoviny<\/em> (p\u00e1s pevniny v Afrike)<\/p>

\u010c<\/strong>ierna H<\/strong>ora (\u0161t\u00e1t na Balk\u00e1ne pri Jadranskom mori) \u2014 \u010c<\/strong>ierna hora (vrch)<\/p>

\u010c<\/strong>erven\u00fd K<\/strong>ame\u0148 (hrad) \u2014 \u010c<\/strong>erven\u00fd kame\u0148 (vrch)<\/p>

\u0160<\/em><\/strong>trbsk\u00e9 P<\/strong>leso<\/em> (administrat\u00edvna \u010das\u0165 obce) \u2014 \u0160<\/em><\/strong>trbsk\u00e9 pleso<\/em> (pleso)<\/p>

\u010c<\/em><\/strong>ierna V<\/strong>oda<\/em> (obec) \u2014 \u010c<\/strong>ierna voda (potok)<\/p>

K<\/strong>r\u00e1sna H<\/strong>\u00f4rka (hrad) \u2014 K<\/strong>r\u00e1sna h\u00f4rka (vrch)<\/p>

B<\/strong>iely P<\/strong>otok (administrat\u00edvna \u010das\u0165 obce) \u2014 B<\/strong>iely potok (potok)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Pozn\u00e1mka<\/strong><\/p>

N\u00e1zvy \u0161t\u00e1tov rozl\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslovkami a n\u00e1zvy motivovan\u00e9 ist\u00fdmi osobami, udalos\u0165ami (okrem pomenovania Samova r\u00ed\u0161a<\/em>) sa nepokladaj\u00fa za vlastn\u00e9 men\u00e1, napr. prv\u00e1 republika<\/em>, habsbursk\u00e1 monarchia<\/em>, druh\u00e9 cis\u00e1rstvo<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2014 spr\u00e1vnych oblast\u00ed \u0161t\u00e1tov, napr. T<\/em><\/strong>rnavsk\u00fd kraj<\/em>, T<\/em><\/strong>ren\u010dianska \u017eupa<\/em>, okres K<\/strong>o\u0161ice-okolie<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Pozn\u00e1mka<\/strong><\/p>

Ak je s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou pomenovania slovo regi\u00f3n<\/strong> a\u00a0kataster<\/strong>, pomenovania sa p\u00ed\u0161u s mal\u00fdmi p\u00edsmenami, napr. trnavsk\u00fd kataster<\/em>, \u0161ari\u0161sk\u00fd regi\u00f3n<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2014 chr\u00e1nen\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00ed, napr. T<\/em><\/strong>atransk\u00fd n\u00e1rodn\u00fd park<\/em>;<\/p>

\u2014 \u00fazem\u00ed a\u00a0historick\u00fdch krajov, napr. O<\/strong>rient<\/em>, Z<\/strong>\u00e1pad<\/em>, \u0160<\/strong>ari\u0161sk\u00e1 \u017eupa<\/em>, B<\/strong>alk\u00e1n<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Porovnanie<\/strong><\/p>

Treba odl\u00ed\u0161i\u0165 vlastn\u00e9 men\u00e1 od v\u0161eobecn\u00fdch pomenovan\u00ed:<\/p>

O<\/em><\/strong>rient<\/em> (krajiny Prednej \u00c1zie, Bl\u00edzkeho v\u00fdchodu a severnej Afriky) \u2014 orient<\/em> (kult\u00farna a spolo\u010densk\u00e1 osobitos\u0165 n\u00e1rodov nach\u00e1dzaj\u00facich sa na v\u00fdchod od z\u00e1padnej civiliz\u00e1cie)<\/p>

Z<\/em><\/strong>\u00e1pad<\/em> (z\u00e1padn\u00e9 krajiny) \u2014 z\u00e1pad<\/em> (z\u00e1padn\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 \u00fazemia)<\/p>

V<\/em><\/strong>\u00fdchod<\/em> (v\u00fdchodn\u00e9 krajiny) \u2014 v\u00fdchod<\/em> (v\u00fdchodn\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 \u00fazemia)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2014 kontinentov, svetadielov, p\u00fa\u0161t\u00ed, ostrovov, polostrovov, mysov, \u0161ij\u00ed, pobre\u017e\u00ed, napr. A<\/em><\/strong>ustr\u00e1lia<\/em>, A<\/em><\/strong>merika<\/em>, M<\/em><\/strong>adagaskar<\/em>, M<\/em><\/strong>ys dobrej n\u00e1deje<\/em>, K<\/em><\/strong>alahari<\/em>, P<\/em><\/strong>obre\u017eie \u010dierneho korenia<\/em>;<\/p>

\u2014 pohor\u00ed, vrchov, dol\u00edn, n\u00ed\u017ein, kotl\u00edn, priesmykov, ties\u0148av, prelia\u010din, jask\u00fd\u0148 a\u00a0priepast\u00ed, napr. V<\/em><\/strong>ysok\u00e9 T<\/strong>atry<\/em>, K<\/em><\/strong>remnick\u00e9 vrchy<\/em>, T<\/em><\/strong>ermopyly<\/em>, V<\/em><\/strong>e\u013ek\u00fd ka\u0148on<\/em>, P<\/em><\/strong>odunajsk\u00e1 n\u00ed\u017eina<\/em>, M<\/em><\/strong>lynsk\u00e1 dolina<\/em>;<\/p>

\u2014 vodn\u00fdch pl\u00f4ch, ako potokov, jazier, vodop\u00e1dov, oce\u00e1nov, mor\u00ed, z\u00e1livov, gejz\u00edrov, napr. V<\/em><\/strong>\u00e1h<\/em>, B<\/em><\/strong>iely potok<\/em>, R<\/em><\/strong>ieka sv. Vavrinca<\/em>, \u010c<\/em><\/strong>erven\u00e9 more<\/em>, S<\/em><\/strong>toro\u010dn\u00fd prame\u0148<\/em>, V<\/em><\/strong>e\u013ek\u00e9 medvedie jazero<\/em>, \u0160<\/em><\/strong>\u00fatovsk\u00fd vodop\u00e1d<\/em>, I<\/em><\/strong>ndick\u00fd oce\u00e1n<\/em>;<\/p>

\u2014 objektov vo vesm\u00edre a \u00fatvarov na povrchu mimozemsk\u00fdch objektov, napr. H<\/em><\/strong>alleyho kom\u00e9ta<\/em>, J<\/em><\/strong>upiter<\/em>, K<\/em><\/strong>eplerova supernova<\/em>, M<\/em><\/strong>iestny mrak galaxi\u00ed;<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Porovnanie<\/strong><\/p>

M<\/em><\/strong>esiac<\/em> (nebesk\u00e9 teleso obiehaj\u00face okolo Zeme ako dru\u017eica) \u2014 mesiac<\/em> (kozmick\u00e9 teleso obiehaj\u00face okolo plan\u00e9ty)<\/p>

S<\/em><\/strong>lnko<\/em> (nebesk\u00e9 teleso vysielaj\u00face do vesm\u00edru teplo a\u00a0svetlo) \u2014 slnko<\/em> (energia vysielan\u00e1 Slnkom)<\/p>

Z<\/em><\/strong>em<\/em> (obe\u017enica na\u0161ej slne\u010dnej s\u00fastavy ob\u00fdvan\u00e1 \u013eu\u010fmi) \u2014 zem<\/em> (pevnina, s\u00fa\u0161, p\u00f4da)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Pozn\u00e1mka<\/strong><\/p>

Medzi zemepisn\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy nepatria druhy objektov vo vesm\u00edre, p\u00ed\u0161u sa s mal\u00fdm za\u010diato\u010dn\u00fdm p\u00edsmenom, napr. zorni\u010dka<\/em>, ve\u010dernica<\/em>, supernova<\/em>, slne\u010dn\u00e1 s\u00fastava<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2014 k\u00fape\u013en\u00fdch miest, napr. R<\/em><\/strong>ajeck\u00e9 T<\/strong>eplice<\/em>, k\u00fapele S<\/strong>lia\u010d<\/em>;<\/p>

\u2014 v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch stavieb, \u0161tudentsk\u00fdch domov, \u0161tadi\u00f3nov, amfite\u00e1trov, napr. S<\/em><\/strong>ixt\u00ednska kaplnka<\/em>, B<\/em><\/strong>iely dom<\/em>, P<\/em><\/strong>rimaci\u00e1lny pal\u00e1c<\/em>, \u0160<\/em><\/strong>tudentsk\u00fd domov<\/em> Pre\u0161ovskej univerzity v\u00a0Pre\u0161ove<\/em>, N<\/em><\/strong>\u00e1rodn\u00e9 tenisov\u00e9 centrum<\/em>, A<\/em><\/strong>mfite\u00e1ter priate\u013estva n\u00e1rodov<\/em>;<\/p>

\u2014 hradov, z\u00e1mkov, ka\u0161tie\u013eov (v ktor\u00fdch sa nepou\u017e\u00edva priamo slovo hrad, z\u00e1mok a\u00a0pod. \u2014 tie sa p\u00ed\u0161u iba ve\u013ek\u00fdm za\u010diato\u010dn\u00fdm p\u00edsmenom, napr. S<\/em><\/strong>pi\u0161sk\u00fd hrad<\/em>, B<\/em><\/strong>ojnick\u00fd z\u00e1mok<\/em>), v ktor\u00fdch p\u00ed\u0161eme ve\u013ek\u00fdmi za\u010diato\u010dn\u00fdmi p\u00edsmenami v\u0161etky slov\u00e1 v n\u00e1zve, napr. K<\/em><\/strong>r\u00e1sna H<\/strong>\u00f4rka<\/em>, M<\/em><\/strong>odr\u00fd K<\/strong>ame\u0148<\/em>, \u010c<\/em><\/strong>erven\u00fd K<\/strong>ame\u0148<\/em>;<\/p>

\u2014 kostolov, chr\u00e1mov, katedr\u00e1l, bazil\u00edk, pagod, kl\u00e1\u0161torov, napr. B<\/em><\/strong>azilika sv. M<\/strong>ikul\u00e1\u0161a<\/em>, D<\/em><\/strong>\u00f3m sv. M<\/strong>artina<\/em>, V<\/em><\/strong>e\u013ek\u00e1 pagoda div\u00fdch hus\u00ed<\/em>, K<\/em><\/strong>ostol N<\/strong>ajsv\u00e4tej\u0161ej T<\/strong>rojice<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Pozn\u00e1mka<\/strong><\/p>

N\u00e1zvy in\u0161tit\u00faci\u00ed, organiz\u00e1ci\u00ed, kostolov, kl\u00e1\u0161torov, chr\u00e1mov, katedr\u00e1l, bazil\u00edk bez bli\u017e\u0161ieho ur\u010denia ich s\u00eddla alebo osoby, udalosti sa p\u00ed\u0161u mal\u00fdmi p\u00edsmenami<\/strong>, napr. benedikt\u00ednsky kostol<\/em>, z\u00e1kladn\u00e1 \u0161kola<\/em>, gymn\u00e1zium<\/em>, obecn\u00fd \u00farad<\/em>, pedagogick\u00e1 fakulta<\/em>, franti\u0161k\u00e1nsky kl\u00e1\u0161tor<\/em>, kostol ur\u0161ul\u00edno<\/em>k.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2014 font\u00e1n, m\u00farov, sien\u00ed a\u00a0br\u00e1n, napr. M<\/em><\/strong>ichalsk\u00e1 br\u00e1na<\/em>, F<\/em><\/strong>ont\u00e1na mieru<\/em>, R<\/em><\/strong>ytierska sie\u0148<\/em>, M<\/em><\/strong>\u00far n\u00e1rekov<\/em>;<\/p>

\u2014 mostov, tunelov, autostr\u00e1d, \u017eelezn\u00edc a\u00a0jedine\u010dn\u00fdch ciest, napr. M<\/em><\/strong>ost A<\/strong>pollo<\/em>, K<\/em><\/strong>ra\u013eoviansky tunel<\/em>, K<\/em><\/strong>ysuck\u00e1 lesn\u00e1 \u017eeleznica<\/em>, T<\/em><\/strong>atransk\u00e1 magistr\u00e1la<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Porovnanie<\/strong><\/p>

N\u00e1zvy niektor\u00fdch hlavn\u00fdch miest eur\u00f3pskych \u0161t\u00e1tov a\u00a0n\u00e1zvy kult\u00farnych stred\u00edsk v krajin\u00e1ch susediacich so Slovenskom, n\u00e1zvy ve\u013ek\u00fdch riek maj\u00fa popri cudzej podobe aj v\u017eit\u00fa slovensk\u00fa podobu, napr. Wien \u2014 Viede\u0148<\/em>, Roma \u2014 R\u00edm<\/em>, Budapest \u2014 Budape\u0161\u0165<\/em>, Danmark \u2014 D\u00e1nsko<\/em>, Krak\u00f3w \u2014 Krakov<\/em>, Paris \u2014 Par\u00ed\u017e<\/em>, London \u2014 Lond\u00fdn<\/em>, Wis\u0142a \u2014 Visla<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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P\u00cdSANIE VE\u013dK\u00ddCH P\u00cdSMEN V\u00a0N\u00c1ZVOCH \u013dUDSK\u00ddCH V\u00ddTVORO<\/strong>V:<\/strong><\/p>

\u2014 pomenovania v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch dejinn\u00fdch udalost\u00ed, ako revol\u00faci\u00ed, povstan\u00ed a\u00a0vojensk\u00fdch oper\u00e1ci\u00ed, S<\/em><\/strong>lovensk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00e9 povstanie<\/em>, P<\/em><\/strong>ra\u017esk\u00e1 jar<\/em>, S<\/em><\/strong>talingradsk\u00e1<\/em> bitka, P<\/strong>\u00fa\u0161tna b\u00farka, B<\/em><\/strong>itka pri Borodine<\/em>, B<\/em><\/strong>itka o\u00a0Atlantik<\/em>, O<\/em><\/strong>verlord<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Pozn\u00e1mka<\/strong><\/p>

In\u00e9 pomenovania dejinn\u00fdch udalost\u00ed rozl\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslovkami a n\u00e1zvami motivovan\u00e9 ist\u00fdmi osobami, udalos\u0165ami sa be\u017ene p\u00ed\u0161u mal\u00fdm p\u00edsmenom<\/strong>, napr. tridsa\u0165ro\u010dn\u00e1 vojna<\/em>, versaillsk\u00fd mier<\/em>, napoleonsk\u00e9 vojny<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2014 n\u00e1zvy sviatkov a pam\u00e4tn\u00fdch dn\u00ed, napr. V<\/em><\/strong>ianoce<\/em>, V<\/em><\/strong>e\u013ek\u00e1 noc, D<\/strong>e\u0148 matiek<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Porovnanie<\/strong><\/p>

Odvoden\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy sviatkov sa p\u00ed\u0161u mal\u00fdmi p\u00edsmenami, napr. viano\u010dn\u00e9 sviatky<\/em>, ve\u013ekono\u010dn\u00e9 sviatky<\/em>.<\/p>

Odli\u0161ova\u0165 treba nov\u00fd rok<\/em> (nov\u00fdch 365 dn\u00ed, nov\u00fd kalend\u00e1rny rok) a N<\/em><\/strong>ov\u00fd rok<\/em> (1. janu\u00e1r).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2014 pomenovania jedine\u010dn\u00fdch objektov, napr. S<\/em><\/strong>lovensk\u00e1 telev\u00edzia a\u00a0rozhlas<\/em>;<\/p>

\u2014 v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 pomenovania spojen\u00e9 s\u00a0presn\u00fdm ur\u010den\u00edm miesta alebo rozsahu p\u00f4sobnosti, napr. M<\/em><\/strong>inisterstvo \u0161kolstva, v\u00fdskumu, v\u00fdvoja a ml\u00e1de\u017ee <\/em>Slovenskej republiky<\/em>;<\/p>

\u2014 v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 pomenovania bli\u017e\u0161ie ur\u010den\u00e9 s\u00eddlom, napr. G<\/em><\/strong>ymn\u00e1zium v\u00a0Modre<\/em>;<\/p>

\u2014 v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 pomenovania vytvoren\u00e9 na po\u010des\u0165 nejakej udalosti alebo osoby, napr. K<\/em><\/strong>ni\u017enica Juraja F\u00e1ndlyho v\u00a0Trnave<\/em>,<\/p>

\u2014 pomenovania jedine\u010dn\u00fdch \u00faradov, organiz\u00e1ci\u00ed a\u00a0verejn\u00fdch in\u0161tit\u00faci\u00ed, napr. N<\/em><\/strong>\u00e1rodn\u00e1 rada Slovenskej republiky<\/em>, S<\/em><\/strong>lovensk\u00e1 akad\u00e9mia vied<\/em>, K<\/em><\/strong>ancel\u00e1ria prezidenta Slovenskej republiky<\/em>;<\/p>

\u2014 pomenovania m\u00faze\u00ed, gal\u00e9ri\u00ed, divadiel, k\u00edn, napr. G<\/em><\/strong>al\u00e9ria J\u00e1na Koniareka<\/em>, kino H<\/strong>viezda<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Pozn\u00e1mka<\/strong><\/p>

Druhov\u00e9 pomenovanie<\/strong> sa pou\u017e\u00edva pri vlastnom mene vtedy, ak vlastn\u00e9 meno nedostato\u010dne poukazuje na skuto\u010dnos\u0165, ktor\u00fa pomen\u00fava, napr. obchodn\u00fd dom<\/em><\/strong> IKEA, <\/em>vlak<\/em><\/strong> Pova\u017ean<\/em>, kino<\/em><\/strong> Obzor<\/em>, a ak je vlastn\u00fdm menom predlo\u017ekov\u00fd v\u00fdraz, preteky<\/em><\/strong> Okolo Slovenska<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2014 n\u00e1zvy \u013eudsk\u00fdch v\u00fdtvorov, ako dopravn\u00fdch prostriedkov a spojov, napr. r\u00fdchlik T<\/strong>uriec<\/em>, lo\u010f T<\/strong>itanic<\/em>;<\/p>

\u2014 pomenovania vyznamenan\u00ed a\u00a0cien, n\u00e1zvy akci\u00ed pretekov, nad\u00e1ci\u00ed, fondov, napr. \u00a0B<\/em><\/strong>ratislavsk\u00e9 hudobn\u00e9 sl\u00e1vnosti<\/em>, P<\/strong>reteky mieru<\/em>, R<\/strong>ad M. R. \u0160tef\u00e1nika<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Pozn\u00e1mka <\/strong><\/p>

Pomenovania nosite\u013eov vyznamenan\u00ed, cien, hodnost\u00ed, radov sa p\u00ed\u0161u mal\u00fdm p\u00edsmenom<\/strong>, napr. laure\u00e1t Nobelovej ceny<\/em>, n\u00e1rodn\u00fd umelec<\/em>, hrdina SNP<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2014 pomenovania hudobn\u00fdch telies, spev\u00e1ckych a\u00a0tane\u010dn\u00fdch s\u00faborov, napr. S<\/em><\/strong>lovensk\u00e1 filharm\u00f3nia<\/em>, S<\/em><\/strong>lovensk\u00fd komorn\u00fd orchester<\/em>, S<\/em><\/strong>lovensk\u00fd \u013eudov\u00fd umeleck\u00fd kolekt\u00edv<\/em>, L<\/em><\/strong>\u00fa\u010dnica<\/em>;<\/p>

\u2014 pomenovania spolkov, hnut\u00ed, \u00fastavov a politick\u00fdch str\u00e1n, napr. \u010c<\/em><\/strong>erven\u00fd kr\u00ed\u017e<\/em>, J<\/em><\/strong>azykovedn\u00fd \u00fastav \u013dudov\u00edta \u0160t\u00fara<\/em>, S<\/em><\/strong>lovensk\u00e1 n\u00e1rodn\u00e1 strana<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Pozn\u00e1mka <\/strong><\/p>

Pomenovania jednotliv\u00fdch oddelen\u00ed, odborov, sekci\u00ed, r\u00e1d, komisi\u00ed, kabinetov \u0161k\u00f4l sa p\u00ed\u0161u mal\u00fdmi p\u00edsmenami<\/strong>, napr. odbor v\u0161eobecnej vn\u00fatornej spr\u00e1vy Ministerstva vn\u00fatra SR<\/em>, oddelenie jazykovej kult\u00fary JU\u013dS SAV<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2014 pomenovania umeleck\u00fdch a vedeck\u00fdch diel, p\u00edsomnost\u00ed, tla\u010dov\u00edn, napr. V<\/em><\/strong>ojna a\u00a0mier<\/em>, denn\u00edk S<\/strong>me<\/em>, T<\/em><\/strong>oleran\u010dn\u00fd patent<\/em>, \u00da<\/em><\/strong>stava Slovenskej republiky<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Pozn\u00e1mka <\/strong><\/p>

N\u00e1zvy z\u00e1konov, vyhl\u00e1\u0161ok, vl\u00e1dnych nariaden\u00ed, rezol\u00faci\u00ed, smern\u00edc a pod. sa p\u00ed\u0161u s\u00a0mal\u00fdm<\/strong> p\u00edsmenom<\/strong>, napr. z\u00e1kon N\u00e1rodnej rady SR \u010d<\/em>. 1<\/em>. <\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2014 pomenovania technick\u00fdch a kozmetick\u00fdch v\u00fdrobkov, napr. \u0160<\/em><\/strong>koda O<\/strong>ctavia<\/em>, P<\/em><\/strong>anasonic<\/em>, P<\/em><\/strong>almolive, A<\/strong>VON<\/em>, O<\/strong>riflame<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Pozn\u00e1mka<\/strong><\/p>

Odvoden\u00e9 (hovorov\u00e9) slov\u00e1 od vlastn\u00fdch mien v\u00fdrobkov sa stali v\u0161eobecn\u00fdmi pomenovaniami, napr. fordka, \u0161kodovka, fiatka, aud\u00ednka<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2014 pomenovania medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fdch, zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161a latinsk\u00fdch odborn\u00fdch n\u00e1zvov rastl\u00edn, sort, odr\u00f4d a\u00a0kultivarov rastl\u00edn, tie\u017e n\u00e1zvy \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchov a n\u00e1zvy\u00a0liekov sa p\u00ed\u0161u s\u00a0ve\u013ek\u00fdmi p\u00edsmenami len na za\u010diatku n\u00e1zvu, napr. A<\/em><\/strong>cylpyrin<\/em>, H<\/em><\/strong>omo erectus<\/em>, C<\/em><\/strong>yprinus carpio carpio<\/em>, S<\/em><\/strong>enga sengana<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Pozn\u00e1mka<\/strong><\/p>

Dom\u00e1ce odborn\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy rastlinn\u00fdch alebo \u017eivo\u010d\u00ed\u0161nych druhov a pomenovania naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch liekov sa p\u00ed\u0161u s mal\u00fdmi p\u00edsmenami, napr. alpsk\u00e1 ru\u017ea<\/em>, medve\u010f hned\u00fd<\/em>, acylpyr\u00edn<\/em>, aspir\u00edn<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2014 pomenovania podnikov a\u00a0z\u00e1vodov, napr. S<\/em><\/strong>lovnaft<\/em>, S<\/em><\/strong>lovensk\u00fd plyn\u00e1rensk\u00fd priemysel<\/em>.<\/p>

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>

Medzi vlastn\u00e9 men\u00e1 nepatria, teda p\u00ed\u0161eme ich s mal\u00fdm za\u010diato\u010dn\u00fdm p\u00edsmenom:<\/strong><\/p>

\u2014 n\u00e1zvy \u0161tudijn\u00fdch odborov a u\u010debn\u00fdch predmetov, napr. odbor v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 lek\u00e1rstvo<\/em>;<\/p>

\u2014 pomenovania niektor\u00fdch be\u017ene pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch v\u00fdrobkov, napr. horalka<\/em> (druh keksu), eidam<\/em> (druh syra), kuba<\/em> (druh cigary), \u0161ampansk\u00e9<\/em> (druh v\u00edna);<\/p>

\u2014 n\u00e1zvy povolan\u00ed, funkci\u00ed, hodnost\u00ed, akademick\u00fdch titulov, vedeck\u00fdch a vojensk\u00fdch hodnost\u00ed, napr. profesor<\/em>, rektor<\/em>, riadite\u013e<\/em>, podplukovn\u00edk<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Porovnanie<\/strong><\/p>

S ve\u013ek\u00fdm p\u00edsmenom<\/strong> sa p\u00ed\u0161u tituly docent\/doc.<\/em><\/strong> a\u00a0profesor\/prof.<\/em><\/strong> iba na za\u010diatku vety, a\u00a0to na za\u010diatku textu, teda ke\u010f sa adresa za\u010d\u00edna skratkou titulu, ke\u010f je titul na za\u010diatku n\u00e1pisu<\/em><\/strong> (napr. na pam\u00e4tnej tabuli), na za\u010diatku textu na menovke, \u0161t\u00edtku na dver\u00e1ch \u010di na nav\u0161t\u00edvenke.<\/p>

Rovnako aj vtedy, ke\u010f sa skratka titulu uv\u00e1dza pred menom autora pod \u010dl\u00e1nkom alebo pod listom, ktor\u00fd je zakon\u010den\u00fd bodkou<\/em><\/strong>, napr.<\/p>

Te\u0161\u00edm sa na skor\u00e9 stretnutie.<\/em><\/p>

Doc.<\/em><\/strong> PhDr. Jozef Mal\u00fd, DrSc.<\/em><\/p>

S mal\u00fdm p\u00edsmenom<\/strong> sa p\u00ed\u0161u tituly docent\/doc.<\/em><\/strong> a\u00a0profesor\/prof.<\/em> <\/strong>vtedy, ak nasleduj\u00fa za formulkou S\u00a0pozdravom<\/em><\/strong> (preto\u017ee sa za \u0148ou nep\u00ed\u0161e bodka a podpis v \u010fal\u0161om riadku je pokra\u010dovan\u00edm textu), napr.<\/p>

S\u00a0pozdravom<\/em><\/p>

prof.<\/em><\/strong> PhDr. J\u00e1n Ve\u013ek\u00fd, PhD. <\/em><\/p>

Adresa<\/em><\/strong> rozp\u00edsan\u00e1 do riadkov sa pova\u017euje za jeden s\u00favisl\u00fd text, preto skratky doc.<\/em> <\/strong>a prof.<\/em><\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 sa uv\u00e1dzaj\u00fa v druhom riadku, treba p\u00edsa\u0165 s mal\u00fdm za\u010diato\u010dn\u00fdm p\u00edsmenom, napr.<\/p>

doc.<\/em><\/strong> PhDr. Jozef Mal\u00fd, DrSc.<\/em><\/p>

N\u00e1mestie SNP 1234\/1<\/p>

Bratislava<\/p>

V\u00a0zoznamoch, na prezen\u010dn\u00fdch listin\u00e1ch<\/em><\/strong> sa p\u00ed\u0161u skratky titulov doc.<\/strong> a prof.<\/strong> pred menom s mal\u00fdm p\u00edsmenom<\/strong>, napr.<\/p>

doc.<\/em><\/strong> PhDr. Jozef Mal\u00fd, DrSc.<\/em><\/p>

prof.<\/em><\/strong> PhDr. J\u00e1n Ve\u013ek\u00fd, PhD. <\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

JAZYKOV\u00c1 KULT\u00daRA \u2014 P\u00cdSOMN\u00dd A \u00daSTNY PREJAV 4.1 Ve\u013ek\u00e9 p\u00edsmen\u00e1 na za\u010diatku vlastn\u00fdch mien a vn\u00fatri viacslovn\u00fdch vlastn\u00fdch mien Vlastn\u00e9 men\u00e1 s\u00fa pomenovania jedine\u010dn\u00fdch os\u00f4b, zvierat alebo ne\u017eiv\u00e9ho predmetu. M\u00f4\u017eu pozost\u00e1va\u0165 z\u00a0jedn\u00e9ho alebo viacer\u00fdch slov. Popri jednoslovn\u00fdch vlastn\u00fdch men\u00e1ch, ktor\u00e9 sa p\u00ed\u0161u ve\u013ek\u00fdm za\u010diato\u010dn\u00fdm p\u00edsmenom, existuj\u00fa aj v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 podstatn\u00e9 men\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 sa p\u00ed\u0161u mal\u00fdm p\u00edsmenom, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-12566","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12566","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12566"}],"version-history":[{"count":31,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12566\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13238,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12566\/revisions\/13238"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12566"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}