{"id":12729,"date":"2025-11-12T08:44:55","date_gmt":"2025-11-12T07:44:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/?page_id=12729"},"modified":"2025-11-21T19:38:24","modified_gmt":"2025-11-21T18:38:24","slug":"jazykova-kultura-6-3","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/jazykova-kultura-6-3\/","title":{"rendered":"jazykova-kultura-6-3"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"12729\" class=\"elementor elementor-12729\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-468cb6a elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"468cb6a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c353e91\" data-id=\"c353e91\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3d62af elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a3d62af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">JAZYKOV\u00c1 KULT\u00daRA \u2014 P\u00cdSOMN\u00dd A \u00daSTNY PREJAV<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9f9a241 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9f9a241\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-36e8d15\" data-id=\"36e8d15\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-0f7453d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0f7453d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4973de6\" data-id=\"4973de6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-198bac6 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-fixed elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"198bac6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_position&quot;:&quot;fixed&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#Kapitola1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-arrow-up\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2858d6f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2858d6f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e63bd34\" data-id=\"e63bd34\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-0b79421 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0b79421\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-bb0ded5\" data-id=\"bb0ded5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-264bbbf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"264bbbf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">6.3 Poml\u010dka a spojovn\u00edk<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5aa9d5d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5aa9d5d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Poml\u010dka m\u00e1 <strong><em>vy\u010dle\u0148ovaciu<\/em><\/strong> a <strong><em>prip\u00e1jaciu<\/em><\/strong> funkciu; nazna\u010duje v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu prest\u00e1vku v re\u010di, ktor\u00e1 od seba v\u00fdrazne odde\u013euje \u010dasti prehovoru na \u00farovni vety. Spojovn\u00edk sa pou\u017e\u00edva na sp\u00e1janie slov alebo ich \u010dast\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db9a75b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"db9a75b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Porovnanie<\/strong><\/p><p>Spojovn\u00edk (<strong>\u2013<\/strong>) je krat\u0161\u00ed a z oboch str\u00e1n sa od textu neodde\u013euje medzerami (typografia vo Windowse je pre spojovn\u00edk Alt + 0150).<\/p><p>Poml\u010dka (<strong>\u2014<\/strong>) je dlh\u0161ia a z oboch str\u00e1n sa od textu odde\u013euje medzerami (typografia vo Windowse je pre poml\u010dku Alt + 0151).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14bbaf5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"14bbaf5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong><em>Poml\u010dka sa p\u00ed\u0161e:<\/em><\/strong><\/p><p>\u2014 vo vete <strong>s menn\u00fdm pr\u00edsudkom<\/strong> namiesto sponov\u00e9ho slovesa (napr. v\u00a0reklamn\u00fdch sloganoch, hesl\u00e1ch \u010di n\u00e1pisoch), napr. <em>Mlados\u0165 <\/em><strong>\u2014<\/strong><em> rados\u0165, staroba <\/em><strong>\u2014<\/strong><em> choroba.<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 ako <strong>d\u00f4raz<\/strong> pred neo\u010dak\u00e1van\u00fdm, prekvapuj\u00facim z\u00e1verom, napr. <em>Kto nepozn\u00e1 Tatry <\/em><strong>\u2014<\/strong><em> nepozn\u00e1 Slovensko.<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 pred vetou, ktor\u00e1 <strong>vysvet\u013euje<\/strong> predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facu vetu, napr. <em>Koloni\u00e1lne rozdelenie kraj\u00edn zabrzdilo a\u017e zahatalo prirodzen\u00fd v\u00fdvoj formovania n\u00e1rodov <\/em><strong>\u2014<\/strong><em> koloni\u00e1lne \u0161t\u00e1ty vznikli bez zrete\u013ea na etnick\u00e9 zlo\u017eenie obyvate\u013estva.<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc38dac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cc38dac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Pozn\u00e1mka<\/strong><\/p><p>Poml\u010dku m\u00f4\u017ee nahradi\u0165 bodko\u010diarka alebo aj bodka a\u00a0po nej sa bude p\u00edsa\u0165 nov\u00e1 veta s\u00a0ve\u013ek\u00fdm p\u00edsmenom na za\u010diatku vety.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1225a95 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1225a95\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u2014 v\u00a0<strong>neukon\u010denej<\/strong> alebo <strong>preru\u0161enej<\/strong> v\u00fdpovedi, napr. <em>E\u0161te by bolo jedno rie\u0161enie <\/em><strong>\u2014<\/strong>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35e7c82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"35e7c82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Pozn\u00e1mka<\/strong><\/p><p>Poml\u010dku m\u00f4\u017ee nahradi\u0165 interpunk\u010dn\u00e9 znamienko tri bodky.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-688156c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"688156c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u2014 pri odde\u013eovan\u00ed <strong>vsuviek <\/strong>a<strong>\u00a0zlo\u017eit\u00fdch pr\u00edstavkov<\/strong>, <strong>vyt\u00fd\u010den\u00fdch vetn\u00fdch \u010dlenov<\/strong>, napr. <em>Ja m\u00e1m in\u00fa prioritu <\/em><strong><em>\u2014<\/em><\/strong><em> do\u0161tudova\u0165.<\/em>;<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-99329d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"99329d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Pozn\u00e1mka<\/strong><\/p><p>Poml\u010dku m\u00f4\u017ee nahradi\u0165\u00a0 aj \u010diarka.<\/p><p>Alebo ak je vsuvka, pr\u00edstavkom na konci hlavnej vety, vtedy sa p\u00ed\u0161e za poml\u010dku aj \u010diarka, napr. <em>St\u00e1va sa <\/em><strong>\u2014<\/strong><em> prirodzene <\/em><strong>\u2014<\/strong><em>, \u017ee organizmus reaguje inak<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d8cc0f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d8cc0f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u2014 na ozna\u010denie <strong>prekvapenia, vzru\u0161enia<\/strong>, napr. <em>Bo\u017ee m\u00f4j, <\/em>\u2014<em> Martin!<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 pri <strong>vypo\u010d\u00edtavan\u00ed bodov<\/strong> uv\u00e1dzan\u00fdch v samostatn\u00fdch riadkoch, napr.<\/p><p><em>Strat\u00e9gia m\u00e1 dve zlo\u017eky:<\/em><\/p><p><strong>\u2014<\/strong> <em>\u010dinnostn\u00fa, ak\u010dn\u00fa,\u00a0 prejavuje sa \u010dinmi, udalos\u0165ami;<\/em><\/p><p><strong>\u2014<\/strong> <em>komunika\u010dn\u00fa, komentat\u00edvnu,\u00a0 prejavuje sa \u0161\u00edren\u00edm inform\u00e1ci\u00ed a\u00a0komplexn\u00fdch obrazov.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8dd5062 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8dd5062\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Porovnanie<\/strong><\/p><p>Poml\u010dka na za\u010diatku nov\u00e9ho kon\u0161tatovania nenahr\u00e1dza \u010diarku, preto jednotliv\u00e9 body treba oddeli\u0165 <em>\u010diarkou<\/em> alebo <em>bodko\u010diarkou<\/em> a na konci nap\u00edsa\u0165 bodku (\u010diarkami kon\u0161tatovania odde\u013eujeme aj vtedy, ke\u010f s\u00fa namiesto poml\u010dky pou\u017eit\u00e9 in\u00e9 grafick\u00e9 znaky), napr.<\/p><p><em>Rozozn\u00e1vame rasu: <\/em><\/p><p><strong><em>\u2014<\/em><\/strong> <em>europoidn\u00fa, <\/em><\/p><p><strong><em>\u2014<\/em><\/strong> <em>negroidn\u00fa,<\/em><\/p><p><strong><em>\u2014<\/em><\/strong> <em>mongoloidn\u00fa. <\/em><\/p><p>\u010ciarku vo v\u00fdpo\u010dtoch a bodku na konci nep\u00ed\u0161eme za slovn\u00fdmi (heslov\u00fdmi) v\u00fdpo\u010dtami, napr.<\/p><p><em>Slovn\u00fa z\u00e1sobu tvor\u00ed:<\/em><\/p><p><em>jadro<\/em><\/p><p><em>prechodn\u00e1 vrstva<\/em><\/p><p><em>okraj<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50dc436 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"50dc436\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u2014 pri odde\u013eovan\u00ed <strong>priamej re\u010di<\/strong> jednej osoby od priamej re\u010di druhej osoby (ak sa neuv\u00e1dzaj\u00fa v osobitn\u00fdch odsekoch a neozna\u010duj\u00fa sa \u00favodzovkami a\u00a0rovnako, ak sa uv\u00e1dzaj\u00fa v osobitn\u00fdch odsekoch), napr. <em>Ako si sa sem dostala? <\/em><strong><em>\u2014<\/em><\/strong><em> M\u00e1m k\u013e\u00fa\u010d&#8230;<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 za <strong>ot\u00e1zkou<\/strong>, na ktor\u00fa si hovoriaci s\u00e1m aj <strong>odpoved\u00e1<\/strong>, napr. <em>M\u00e1me sa dobre? <\/em><strong>\u2014<\/strong><em> Mysl\u00edm, \u017ee sa m\u00e1me v\u00fdborne. Bolo aj hor\u0161ie&#8230;<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4978539 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4978539\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Pozn\u00e1mka<\/strong><\/p><p><strong><em>Poml\u010dka zna\u010d\u00ed rozhranie, rozp\u00e4tie\u00a0a vz\u0165ah rovnocennosti v\u00a0t\u00fdchto pr\u00edpadoch:<\/em><\/strong><\/p><p>\u2014 \u010dasov\u00e9 a miestne rozp\u00e4tia a rozp\u00e4tia v\u00a0po\u010dte (poml\u010dka nahr\u00e1dza v\u00fdraz <strong>a\u017e<\/strong>), napr. <em>1914 <strong>\u2014<\/strong> 1918, september <strong>\u2014<\/strong> december, s. 3 <strong>\u2014 <\/strong>10<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 vz\u0165ah s\u00fa\u0165a\u017eiacich, spoluusporiadate\u013eov, spoluvydavate\u013eov a miest vydania v bibliografickej norme, spoluautorov, napr. <em>Taliansko <strong>\u2014<\/strong> Portugalsko<\/em>, <em>O. Orgo\u0148ov\u00e1 <strong>\u2014<\/strong> A. Bohunick\u00e1<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 partnerov v rokovaniach a rozhovoroch, napr. <em>Trump <strong>\u2014<\/strong> Putin<\/em>, <em>Slovensko <strong>\u2014<\/strong> \u010cesko<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 stan\u00edc, zast\u00e1vok a najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edch bodov na trase, napr. <em>Bratislava <strong>\u2014<\/strong> Brno <strong>\u2014<\/strong> Praha<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 vz\u0165ahov medzi rozli\u010dn\u00fdmi pojmami, napr. <em>tri <strong>\u2014<\/strong> tret\u00ed<\/em>; <em>ortografia <strong>\u2014<\/strong> pravopis<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 v matematike ako znamienko od\u010d\u00edtania, napr. <em>a <strong>\u2014<\/strong> b<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 v s\u00favislom texte za n\u00e1zvom pr\u00edspevku, napr. <em>Rekon\u0161trukcia Kr\u00e1snej H\u00f4rky m\u00e1 by\u0165 ukon\u010den\u00e1 do 2027, odborn\u00edci s\u00fa skeptick\u00ed. <strong>\u2014<\/strong> S nov\u00fdm term\u00ednom pri\u0161lo iniciat\u00edvne ministerstvo kult\u00fary. <strong>\u2014<\/strong> BOR\u0160A\/KR\u00c1SNOHORSK\u00c9 PODHRADIE: Obnova hradu Kr\u00e1sna H\u00f4rka by mala by\u0165 dokon\u010den\u00e1 do 31.decembra 2027.<\/em>..;<\/p><p>\u2014 za slovom, ktor\u00e9 sa bli\u017e\u0161ie vysvet\u013euje, napr. <em>noni <strong>\u2014<\/strong> exotick\u00e9 ovocie<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf6f224 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cf6f224\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong><em>Spojovn\u00edk sa p\u00ed\u0161e:<\/em><\/strong><\/p><p>\u2014 v osobn\u00fdch <strong>vlastn\u00fdch men\u00e1ch<\/strong>, napr. <em>M\u00e1ria R\u00e1zusov\u00e1<\/em><strong>&#8211;<\/strong><em>Mart\u00e1kov\u00e1<\/em>, <em>Jean<\/em><strong><em>&#8211;<\/em><\/strong><em>Paul<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 v\u00a0zemepisn\u00fdch n\u00e1zvoch vo vlastn\u00fdch men\u00e1ch kraj\u00edn, obc\u00ed a miest, ktor\u00e9 vznikli <strong>spojen\u00edm p\u00f4vodne samostatn\u00fdch<\/strong> kraj\u00edn, obc\u00ed a miest do jedn\u00e9ho celku, napr. <em>Poprad<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>Tatry<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 v\u00a0zemepisn\u00fdch n\u00e1zvoch <strong>miestnych \u010dast\u00ed<\/strong> a\u00a0v spojeniach s bli\u017e\u0161\u00edm ur\u010den\u00edm, napr. <em>Bansk\u00e1 Bystrica<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>S\u00e1sov\u00e1<\/em>, <em>Bratislava<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>vidiek<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 v <strong>zlo\u017een\u00fdch<\/strong> <strong>v\u0161eobecn\u00fdch<\/strong> <strong>podst. m.<\/strong>, napr. <em>prop\u00e1n<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>but\u00e1n<\/em>,<em> kuch\u00e1r<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>\u010da\u0161n\u00edk<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 v <strong>zlo\u017een\u00fdch privlast\u0148ovac\u00edch<\/strong> <strong>pr\u00edd. m.<\/strong>, napr. <em>Geigerov<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>M\u00fcllerov (po\u010d\u00edta\u010d)<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 v <strong>zlo\u017een\u00fdch pr\u00edd.<\/strong> <strong>m.<\/strong>, napr. <em>vedecko<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>technick\u00fd (pokrok)<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 pri <strong>rozde\u013eovan\u00ed slov<\/strong> na konci riadka a v jazykovednej literat\u00fare na ozna\u010denie ich hl\u00e1skov\u00e9ho, slabi\u010dn\u00e9ho alebo morfematick\u00e9ho zlo\u017eenia, napr. <em>kry\u0161t\u00e1\u013e<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>ov<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>\u00fd<\/em>, <em>hviez<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>da<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 v <strong>protikladn\u00fdch<\/strong> spojeniach, napr. <em>chtiac<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>nechtiac<\/em>, <em>kamar\u00e1t<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>nekamar\u00e1t<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 na vyjadrenie <strong>pribli\u017enosti<\/strong>,<strong> neur\u010ditosti<\/strong>, napr. <em>viac<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>menej<\/em>, <em>jeden<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>dva roky<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 v <strong>synonymn\u00fdch<\/strong> spojeniach na upresnenie, napr. <em>nasn\u00edva\u0165<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>navym\u00fd\u0161\u013ea\u0165<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 v <strong>ust\u00e1len\u00fdch spojeniach<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa jeden spolo\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdznam \u00faplnosti, napr. <em>zo\u010di<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>vo\u010di<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 v <strong>expres\u00edvnych <\/strong>a<strong> onomatopoicky<\/strong> motivovan\u00fdch spojeniach, napr. <em>tresky<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>plesky<\/em>;\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e035efa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e035efa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Pozn\u00e1mka<\/strong><\/p><p>Pri sp\u00e1jan\u00ed predlo\u017ekov\u00fdch v\u00fdrazov sa spojovn\u00edk nep\u00ed\u0161e, napr. <em>vo dne v noci<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-966671c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"966671c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u2014 na vyjadrenie <strong>stup\u0148ovania intenzity<\/strong> opakovan\u00edm v\u00fdrazu alebo predponami a pr\u00edponami, napr. <em>tak<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>tak<\/em>, <em>ukrutn\u00fd<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>preukrutn\u00fd<\/em>, <em>tro\u0161ka<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>tro\u0161\u00ed\u010dka<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 na spojenie \u010dast\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa zap\u00edsan\u00e9 <strong>\u010d\u00edslicou <\/strong>a<strong> slovom<\/strong>, napr. <em>3<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>izbov\u00fd byt<\/em>, <em>5,2<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>percentn\u00fd<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 namiesto \u010dasti slova, ak po \u0148om nasleduje slovo s<strong> rovnakou druhou <\/strong>\u010das\u0165ou, napr. <em>dvoj<strong>&#8211;<\/strong> a\u017e trojn\u00e1sobne<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 na sp\u00e1janie slov so <strong>symbolmi<\/strong>, napr. D-gluk\u00f3za;<\/p><p>\u2014 na <strong>pripojenie pr\u00edpony<\/strong> k inici\u00e1lovej skratke, napr. <em>so S\u013dUK<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>om\/so S\u013eukom<\/em>, <em>SMS<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>ka<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 na ozna\u010denie <strong>prer\u00fdvanej v\u00fdslovnosti<\/strong>, napr. <em>Ne<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>bu<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>dem \u0165a po\u010d\u00fava\u0165!<\/em>;<\/p><p>\u2014 v <strong>bibliografick\u00fdch \u00fadajoch<\/strong> v identifika\u010dnom desa\u0165miestnom \u010d\u00edsle ISBN a v ISSN pre periodik\u00e1, napr. <em>ISBN 978<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>80<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>224<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>1331<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>2<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c57a185 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c57a185\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Pozn\u00e1mka<\/strong><\/p><p>Ak sa m\u00e1 rozdeli\u0165 zlo\u017een\u00e9 slovo so spojovn\u00edkom na konci riadka, nap\u00ed\u0161eme spojovn\u00edk na konci riadka (ako sign\u00e1l rozdelenia slova) a\u00a0opakujeme ho aj na za\u010diatku nov\u00e9ho riadka, <em>v\u00fdchovno<strong>&#8211;<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>&#8211;<\/strong>vzdel\u00e1vac\u00ed<\/em>. Word n\u00e1m t\u00fato funkciu neumo\u017e\u0148uje, preto mo\u017eno spojovn\u00edk na za\u010diatku riadka vlo\u017ei\u0165 pomocou pr\u00edkazov: vlo\u017ei\u0165 \u2014 symbol \u2014 \u0161peci\u00e1lne znaky \u2014 pevn\u00fd spojovn\u00edk alebo s\u00fa\u010dasne stla\u010di\u0165 na kl\u00e1vesnici <strong>CTRL + Shift + znamienko &#8211;<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>JAZYKOV\u00c1 KULT\u00daRA \u2014 P\u00cdSOMN\u00dd A \u00daSTNY PREJAV 6.3 Poml\u010dka a spojovn\u00edk Poml\u010dka m\u00e1 vy\u010dle\u0148ovaciu a prip\u00e1jaciu funkciu; nazna\u010duje v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu prest\u00e1vku v re\u010di, ktor\u00e1 od seba v\u00fdrazne odde\u013euje \u010dasti prehovoru na \u00farovni vety. Spojovn\u00edk sa pou\u017e\u00edva na sp\u00e1janie slov alebo ich \u010dast\u00ed. Porovnanie Spojovn\u00edk (\u2013) je krat\u0161\u00ed a z oboch str\u00e1n sa od textu neodde\u013euje medzerami [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-12729","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12729","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12729"}],"version-history":[{"count":22,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12729\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13320,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12729\/revisions\/13320"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12729"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}