{"id":1689,"date":"2023-02-28T13:23:08","date_gmt":"2023-02-28T12:23:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/?page_id=1689"},"modified":"2023-03-01T09:36:35","modified_gmt":"2023-03-01T08:36:35","slug":"lexikologia-slovenskeho-jazyka-v-ucitelskej-praxi-7-1","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/lexikologia-slovenskeho-jazyka-v-ucitelskej-praxi-7-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Lexikol\u00f3gia slovensk\u00e9ho jazyka v u\u010dite\u013eskej praxi-7-1"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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LEXIKOL\u00d3GIA SLOVENSK\u00c9HO JAZYKA V U\u010cITE\u013dSKEJ PRAXI<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u010cLENENIE SLOVNEJ Z\u00c1SOBY Z H\u013dADISKA P\u00d4VODU A PREBERANIE LEXIK\u00c1LNYCH JEDNOTIEK<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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LEXIKA DOM\u00c1CEHO A CUDZIEHO P\u00d4VODU <\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Slovn\u00e1 z\u00e1soba n\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho jazyka rozli\u0161uje z\u00a0h\u013eadiska p\u00f4vodu:<\/p>

  • dom\u00e1cu lexiku;<\/strong><\/li>
  • lexiku cudzieho p\u00f4vodu.<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>

    DOM\u00c1CU LEXIKU<\/strong> tvoria dom\u00e1ce slov\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 sa vy\u010dle\u0148uj\u00fa v\u00a0nieko\u013ek\u00fdch vrstv\u00e1ch: ako indoeur\u00f3pska vrstva slov \u2013 je zdrojom prastar\u00fdch n\u00e1zvov zvierat a jed\u00e1l (ovca, b\u00fdk, m\u00e4so<\/em>), \u010falej vrstva slov spolo\u010dn\u00e1 slovansk\u00fdm a\u00a0baltsk\u00fdm jazykom \u2013 n\u00e1zvy zvierat, jedla, v\u00fdrobkov a\u00a0vlastnost\u00ed (krava, orech, n\u00f4\u017e, sladk\u00fd<\/em>), slovansk\u00e1, resp. praslovansk\u00e1 vrstva slov \u2013 pomenovania pr\u00edbuzensk\u00fdch vz\u0165ahov, n\u00e1zvov zvierat a vlastnost\u00ed \u00a0(matka, otec, syn, dc\u00e9ra, brat, ded, teta, pes, medve\u010f, had, star\u00fd<\/em>), vrstva slov z\u00a0germ\u00e1nskeho jazyka (peniaz, m\u00fdto, k\u0148az, chy\u017ea<\/em>) a\u00a0ir\u00e1nskeho jazyka (kniha, topor<\/em>) v\u00a0praslovanskej dobe, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa zdrojom spolo\u010denskovedn\u00fdch term\u00ednov (Ondrus, Horeck\u00fd, Furd\u00edk, 1980, s. 192).<\/p>

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>

    LEXIKA CUDZIEHO P\u00d4VODU<\/strong> (cudzie\/prevzat\u00e9 slov\u00e1), ktor\u00e1 prech\u00e1dza z\u00a0v\u00fdchodiskov\u00e9ho (p\u00f4vodn\u00e9ho) jazyka do cie\u013eov\u00e9ho (preberaj\u00faceho) jazyka v\u00a0procese preberania (adapt\u00e1cie) z cudzieho jazyka. Prevzat\u00e9 lexik\u00e1lne jednotky cudzieho p\u00f4vodu sa popri dom\u00e1cich lexik\u00e1lnych n\u00e1protivkoch ozna\u010duj\u00fa ako tzv. ekvivalenty<\/em><\/strong>. Preberanie lexik\u00e1lnych jednotiek je prirodzen\u00fd sp\u00f4sob roz\u0161irovania a obohacovania slovnej z\u00e1soby, ide o\u00a0mimojazykov\u00e9 tvorenie jazykov\u00fdch jednotiek. Preberanie s\u00favis\u00ed s\u00a0kontaktovan\u00edm sa n\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho jazyka s\u00a0in\u00fdmi jazykmi a\u00a0je d\u00f4sledkom kontaktov r\u00f4znych etn\u00edk a\u00a0ich vz\u00e1jomnej spolo\u010densko-kult\u00farnej, ekonomickej \u010di politickej situ\u00e1cie \u2013<\/em> s\u00favis\u00ed s\u00a0rozli\u010dn\u00fdmi mimojazykov\u00fdmi okolnos\u0165ami, ako je \u0161\u00edrenie civiliza\u010dn\u00fdch v\u00fddobytkov z\u00a0danej jazykovej oblasti, roz\u0161irovanie cudzej kult\u00fary, ekonomick\u00fd vplyv danej krajiny, vplyv vzdelanosti danej krajiny a\u00a0pod. Po cel\u00fd \u010das v\u00fdvoja n\u00e1\u0161ho jazyka trv\u00e1 proces preberania slov z\u00a0in\u00fdch jazykov ako d\u00f4sledok jazykov\u00fdch kontaktov a\u00a0jazykovej interferencie (vz\u00e1jomn\u00e9 prenikanie, kr\u00ed\u017eenie) \u2013 je d\u00f4sledkom pozn\u00e1vania cudz\u00edch skuto\u010dnost\u00ed a\u00a0potreby pomenova\u0165 ich (porov. Horeck\u00fd, 1999; Ripka, Imrichov\u00e1, 2004; Orgo\u0148ov\u00e1, Bohunick\u00e1, 2011; Kumorov\u00e1, 2016 a in\u00ed) \u2013 tento jav s\u00favis\u00ed s\u00a0procesom internacionaliz\u00e1cie n\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho jazyka.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    LEXIKOL\u00d3GIA SLOVENSK\u00c9HO JAZYKA V U\u010cITE\u013dSKEJ PRAXI \u010cLENENIE SLOVNEJ Z\u00c1SOBY Z H\u013dADISKA P\u00d4VODU A PREBERANIE LEXIK\u00c1LNYCH JEDNOTIEK LEXIKA DOM\u00c1CEHO A CUDZIEHO P\u00d4VODU Slovn\u00e1 z\u00e1soba n\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho jazyka rozli\u0161uje z\u00a0h\u013eadiska p\u00f4vodu: dom\u00e1cu lexiku; lexiku cudzieho p\u00f4vodu. \u00a0 DOM\u00c1CU LEXIKU tvoria dom\u00e1ce slov\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 sa vy\u010dle\u0148uj\u00fa v\u00a0nieko\u013ek\u00fdch vrstv\u00e1ch: ako indoeur\u00f3pska vrstva slov \u2013 je zdrojom prastar\u00fdch n\u00e1zvov zvierat a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1689","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1689","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1689"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1689\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1960,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1689\/revisions\/1960"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1689"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}