{"id":1701,"date":"2023-02-28T13:25:42","date_gmt":"2023-02-28T12:25:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/?page_id=1701"},"modified":"2023-04-04T09:49:27","modified_gmt":"2023-04-04T07:49:27","slug":"lexikologia-slovenskeho-jazyka-v-ucitelskej-praxi-8-3","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/lexikologia-slovenskeho-jazyka-v-ucitelskej-praxi-8-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Lexikol\u00f3gia slovensk\u00e9ho jazyka v u\u010dite\u013eskej praxi-9-1"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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LEXIKOL\u00d3GIA SLOVENSK\u00c9HO JAZYKA V U\u010cITE\u013dSKEJ PRAXI<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Z\u00c1KLADN\u00c9 POJMY SLOVOTVORBY<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 pojmy slovotvorby s\u00fa derivat\u00e9ma, slovotvorn\u00e1 motiv\u00e1cia a slovotvorn\u00e9 prostriedky.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

DERIVAT\u00c9MA <\/strong>je z\u00e1kladn\u00e1 jednotka derivatol\u00f3gie, resp. slovotvorn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Derivat\u00e9mami m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 napr\u00edklad motivantymotivant (motivuj\u00face slovo alebo z\u00e1kladov\u00e9 slovo)<\/span><\/span> (Mnt) jednoslovn\u00e9 neodvoden\u00e9 lex\u00e9my (ruka <\/strong>\u2192 r\u00fa\u010dka), <\/em>odvoden\u00e9 lex\u00e9my (u\u010di\u0165 \u2192 u\u010dite\u013e <\/strong>\u2192 u\u010dite\u013eka)<\/em>, viacslovn\u00e9 lex\u00e9my\/lexikalizovan\u00e9 pomenovania (mikrovlnn\u00e1 r\u00fara<\/strong> \u2192 mikrovlnka)<\/em>, \u00a0vo\u013en\u00e9 slovn\u00e9 spojenia (dlh\u00e9 vlasy<\/strong> \u2192 dlhovlas\u00fd)<\/em> alebo motiv\u00e1tymotiv\u00e1t (motivovan\u00e9 slovo alebo slovotvorne odvoden\u00e9 slovo)<\/span><\/span> (Mt) ako odvoden\u00e9 slov\u00e1 ryba \u2192 ryb\u00e1r<\/strong><\/em> alebo ako zlo\u017een\u00e9 slov\u00e1 (veda o\u00a0jazyku \u2192 jazykoveda<\/strong>)<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

SLOVOTVORN\u00c1 MOTIV\u00c1CIA<\/strong> ako syst\u00e9motvorn\u00fd \u010dinite\u013e predstavuje pr\u00ed\u010dinne podmienen\u00fd vz\u0165ah medzi form\u00e1lnou a v\u00fdznamovou \u0161trukt\u00farou. Prostredn\u00edctvom slovotvornej motiv\u00e1cie mo\u017eno odvodi\u0165 v\u00fdznam pomenovacej jednotky z jej formy.<\/p>\n

Pri slovotvornej motiv\u00e1cii rozozn\u00e1vame:<\/p>\n\n

    \n \t
  • slovotvorne nemotivovan\u00e9 slov\u00e1<\/strong> alebo z\u00e1kladov\u00e9 slov\u00e1<\/strong> alebo \u201ezna\u010dkov\u00e9 slov\u00e1\u201c<\/strong>, pri ktor\u00fdch neexistuje pr\u00ed\u010dinn\u00fd vz\u0165ah medzi v\u00fdznamom a\u00a0formou, teda nemo\u017eno objasni\u0165 p\u00f4vod formy vyjadruj\u00faci pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd v\u00fdznam \u2013 slov\u00e1 centra slovnej z\u00e1soby, napr. strom, syn, chlieb<\/em>, a vlastn\u00e9 men\u00e1 a prevzat\u00e9 slov\u00e1, napr. Lond\u00fdn,<\/em> sak\u00e9, kivi<\/em>;<\/li>\n \t
  • slovotvorne motivovan\u00e9 slov\u00e1<\/strong> alebo \u201eopisn\u00e9 slov\u00e1\u201c<\/strong> (opisuj\u00fa pomen\u00favan\u00fd jav), pri ktor\u00fdch je evidentn\u00fd pr\u00ed\u010dinn\u00fd vz\u0165ah medzi v\u00fdznamom a formou, napr. pri odvodenom slove mur\u00e1r<\/em> je v\u00fdchodiskov\u00e9 slovo m\u00far<\/em>;<\/li>\n \t
  • viazan\u00fd slovotvorn\u00fd z\u00e1klad<\/strong> nach\u00e1dzame v odvoden\u00fdch alebo zlo\u017een\u00fdch slov\u00e1ch, kde z\u00e1kladov\u00e9 slovo, resp. p\u00f4vodn\u00fd motivant niektor\u00fdch motiv\u00e1tov zanikol alebo ho u\u017e nepozn\u00e1me v d\u00f4sledku\u00a0historick\u00e9ho v\u00fdvinu; \u010dast\u00e9 pr\u00edpady mo\u017eno sledova\u0165 pri predponov\u00fdch sloves\u00e1ch a\u00a0in\u00fdch deverbat\u00edvach, napr. na-z\u00fdva\u0165<\/strong>, za-tkn\u00fa\u0165<\/strong>, prav-o-pis<\/strong><\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    SLOVOTVORN\u00c9 PROSTRIEDKY <\/strong>predstavuj\u00fa jazykov\u00e9 prostriedky, naj\u010dastej\u0161ie morf\u00e9my, pomocou ktor\u00fdch sa tvoria, resp. s\u00fa utvoren\u00e9 slov\u00e1. Slovotvorn\u00e1 \u0161trukt\u00fara slova <\/strong>je pri tvoren\u00ed slov odvodzovan\u00edm v\u017edy \u00a0bin\u00e1rna<\/em><\/strong>, teda v ka\u017edom slove sa vy\u010dle\u0148uj\u00fa dve zlo\u017eky. Pri odvoden\u00fdch slov\u00e1ch sa teda vy\u010dle\u0148uje\u00a0 z\u00e1kladn\u00fdmi slovotvorn\u00fdmi prostriedkami slovotvorn\u00fd z\u00e1klad<\/em> a\u00a0slovotvorn\u00fd formant<\/em>, resp. slovotvorn\u00e9 afixy (prefixy a\u00a0sufixy) .<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Slovotvorn\u00fd z\u00e1klad <\/strong>(SZ), resp. deriva\u010dn\u00fd z\u00e1klad alebo slovn\u00fd z\u00e1klad je t\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 utvoren\u00e9ho slova (motiv\u00e1tu), ktor\u00e1 je s\u00e9manticky<\/em><\/strong> (ten ist\u00fd lexik\u00e1lny v\u00fdznam v\u00a0obidvoch \u010dlenoch motiva\u010dnej dvojice) aj form\u00e1lne<\/em><\/strong> toto\u017en\u00e1 s tvarotvorn\u00fdm z\u00e1kladom<\/em> <\/strong>(t\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 slova \u2013 motivanta, ktor\u00e1 je bez gramatick\u00fdch morf\u00e9m), napr\u00edklad dvor-<\/em>\u00f8<\/em> \u2192 dvor-<\/em><\/strong>n\u00fd<\/em>, <\/strong>u\u010di\u0165 <\/em>\u2192 na-u\u010di\u0165<\/strong><\/em>.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Slovotvorn\u00fd formant <\/strong>(SF) je t\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 utvoren\u00e9ho slova (motiv\u00e1tu), ktor\u00e1 sa prip\u00e1ja k SZ<\/em><\/strong> (prede\u0148 alebo za\u0148) a v\u00fdznamovo alebo funk\u010dne obmie\u0148a (modifikuje) SZ, napr. u\u010dite\u013e-ka,\u00a0 na-<\/strong>u\u010di\u0165, pod<\/strong>-voz-ok<\/strong><\/em>. SF charakterizuje novoutvoren\u00e9 slovo z\u00a0h\u013eadiska slovn\u00e9ho druhu a\u00a0gramatick\u00fdch kateg\u00f3ri\u00ed. V\u00a0\u0161ir\u0161om zmysle mo\u017eno slovotvorn\u00fd formant ch\u00e1pa\u0165 ako s\u00fahrn v\u0161etk\u00fdch form\u00e1lnych \u010d\u0155t, ktor\u00fdmi sa odvoden\u00e9 slovo odli\u0161uje od motivuj\u00faceho slova (porov. Olo\u0161tiak, 2017; Horeck\u00fd, 1971).<\/p>\n

    Slovotvorn\u00fdm\u00a0 formantom m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165:<\/p>\n\n

      \n \t
    • pr\u00edpona<\/strong> (sufix)<\/strong> sa prip\u00e1ja k\u00a0SZ sprava, teda za SZ, napr. dom–ov\u00fd<\/u>, <\/strong>kup–ec<\/u><\/strong><\/em>, a sklad\u00e1 sa z\u00a0nedelite\u013enej \u00a0deriva\u010dnej morf\u00e9my<\/em><\/strong> (t\u00e1 je nosite\u013eka slovotvornej inform\u00e1cie) a\u00a0gramatickej morf\u00e9my<\/em><\/strong> (t\u00e1 zara\u010fuje slovo do slovn\u00e9ho druhu, oh\u00fdbacieho typu a\u00a0je nosite\u013ekou gramatick\u00fdch kateg\u00f3ri\u00ed), pr\u00edpony sa vyskytuj\u00fa vo v\u00fdznamov\u00fdch skupin\u00e1ch<\/em>, ako napr. pr\u00edpony typick\u00e9 pre n\u00e1zvy os\u00f4b<\/em> (-an, -te\u013e), n\u00e1zvy vlastnost\u00ed<\/em> (-os\u0165), n\u00e1zvy miesta<\/em> (-ov\u0148a, -iare\u0148\/-\u00e1re\u0148);<\/li>\n \t
    • predpona<\/strong> (prefix) <\/strong>sa prip\u00e1ja k\u00a0SZ z\u013eava, teda pred SZ a\u00a0v\u00fdznamovo ho modifikuje, pri\u010dom spojenie prefixu so SZ je vo\u013enej\u0161ie ako spojenie so\u00a0sufixom, napr. vy-<\/em><\/strong>sypa\u0165, pra-<\/strong>otec<\/em>, pri prefix\u00e1cii doch\u00e1dza \u010dasto k\u00a0vokaliz\u00e1cii predp\u00f4n, vznikaj\u00fa tak hl\u00e1skov\u00e9 vari\u00e1cie, napr. v\/vo (vlepi\u0165\/votka\u0165), od-\/odo- (od-\u00eds\u0165, odo-hra\u0165), bez-\/bezo- (bez-list\u00fd, bezo-dn\u00fd), <\/em>predponov\u00e9 tvorenie slov sa vyu\u017e\u00edva na tvorbu:\n
        \n \t
      • preva\u017ene slovies<\/em><\/strong>, napr. pre-robi\u0165, vy-robi\u0165, za-robi\u0165, do-robi\u0165, na-robi\u0165, u-robi\u0165<\/em>, takto slovesn\u00e9 predpony plnia perfektiviza\u010dn\u00fa vidotvorn\u00fa funkciu<\/em> (menia nedokonav\u00e9 sloveso na dokonav\u00e9), napr. \u010d\u00edta\u0165 <\/em>\u2192 pre\u010d\u00edta\u0165<\/em>,<\/li>\n \t
      • substant\u00edv<\/em><\/strong> s\u00a0miestnym a\u00a0\u010dasov\u00fdm v\u00fdznamom alebo s\u00a0v\u00fdznamom miery, pred-z\u00e1pas, nad-v\u00e1ha, pod-predseda, proti-hr\u00e1\u010d, pa-veda, alebo <\/em>sa predpony typu pre-, do-<\/em> a\u00a0roz-<\/em> sa vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa na tvorbu deverbat\u00edvnych podstatn\u00fdch mien<\/strong>, napr. do-hra, pre-stavba<\/em>;<\/li>\n \t
      • adjekt\u00edv<\/em><\/strong> na vyjadrenie ve\u013ekej alebo malej miery vlastnosti (v procese\u00a0tzv. el\u00e1cie, teda pri lexik\u00e1lnom stup\u0148ovan\u00ed), napr. pri-pekn\u00fd, pra-star\u00fd, pre-ve\u013ek\u00fd, na-hluchl\u00fd, po-\u010dern\u00fd<\/em>;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n \t
      • gramatick\u00e1 morf\u00e9ma <\/strong>je v\u00a0\u00falohe SF vtedy, ke\u010f sa motiv\u00e1t odli\u0161uje od svojho motivanta len s\u00faborom gramatick\u00fdch, resp. rela\u010dn\u00fdch morf\u00e9m (tu\u010dn-\u00fd <\/em>\u2192 tu\u010dn-ie\u0165<\/strong>, hr-a\u0165 <\/em>\u2192 hr-a<\/strong><\/em>), gramatick\u00e1 morf\u00e9ma sa vyu\u017e\u00edva na tvorenie:\n
          \n \t
        • dejov\u00fdch podstatn\u00fdch mien<\/em><\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa v\u00a0mu\u017eskom rode nulov\u00fa morf\u00e9mu (letie\u0165 \u2192 let-<\/em>\u00f8<\/em>, <\/em>sko\u010di\u0165 <\/em>\u2192 skok-<\/em>\u00f8<\/em>) a\u00a0v\u00a0\u017eenskom rode gramatick\u00fa morf\u00e9mu -a (jazdi\u0165 <\/em>\u2192 jazd-a, <\/em>hra\u0165 <\/em>\u2192 hra-<\/em>\u00f8<\/em>) \u2013 bezpr\u00edponov\u00e9 tvorenie slov<\/em><\/strong>;<\/li>\n \t
        • n\u00e1zov os\u00f4b \u017eensk\u00e9ho rodu<\/em><\/strong> prech\u00fdlen\u00edm od mu\u017esk\u00fdch mien (sused<\/em>–<\/em>\u00f8 <\/em>\u2192 sused-a, Vladim\u00edr<\/em>–<\/em>\u00f8 <\/em>\u2192 Vladim\u00edr<\/em>-a<\/em>);<\/li>\n \t
        • n\u00e1zvov ml\u00e1\u010fat<\/em><\/strong> (had-<\/em>\u00f8 <\/em>\u2192 h\u00e1\u010fa,<\/em> vnuk-<\/em>\u00f8 <\/em>\u2192 vn\u00fa\u010d-a<\/em>);<\/li>\n \t
        • hromadn\u00fdch podstatn\u00fdch mien<\/em><\/strong> (slnko \u2192 pr\u00ed-sln-ie<\/em>, mest-o <\/em>\u2192 n\u00e1-mest-ie<\/em>);<\/li>\n \t
        • privlast\u0148ovac\u00edch pr\u00eddavn\u00fdch mien od n\u00e1zvov zvierat<\/em><\/strong> (pes-<\/em>\u00f8 <\/em>\u2192 ps-\u00ed, orol-<\/em>\u00f8 <\/em>\u2192 orl-\u00ed<\/em>);<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n \t
        • samostatn\u00e1 deriva\u010dn\u00e1 morf\u00e9ma sa\/si<\/em><\/strong> alebo reflex\u00edvne formanty sa\/si<\/em> <\/strong>sa vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa na tvorenie zvratn\u00fdch slovies<\/em><\/strong>, tzv. reflex\u00edvnych slovies, resp. reflex\u00edv, napr. bi\u0165 <\/em>\u2192 bi\u0165 sa<\/strong>, p\u00edsa\u0165 <\/em>\u2192 p\u00edsa\u0165 si<\/strong><\/em>;<\/li>\n \t
        • kombinovan\u00fd formant (konfix) <\/strong>sa sklad\u00e1 z\u00a0dvoch slovotvorn\u00fdch formantov (zriedka z\u00a0troch formantov), pri\u010dom kombinovan\u00fd formant (konfix) sa funk\u010dne ch\u00e1pe ako jeden slovotvorn\u00fd formant, rozozn\u00e1vame viacer\u00e9 dvoj- a trojkombin\u00e1cie formantov:<\/li>\n \t
        • prefix + sufix (mor-e \u2192 pr\u00ed<\/u><\/strong>-mor-sk\u00fd<\/u><\/strong>);<\/li>\n \t
        • prefix + gramatick\u00e1 morf\u00e9ma (breh-\u00f8 \u2192 n\u00e1<\/strong>-bre\u017e-ie<\/strong>);<\/li>\n \t
        • prefix + samostatn\u00e9 morf\u00e9my sa\/si (spa\u0165 \u2192 po<\/strong>-spa\u0165 si<\/strong>);<\/li>\n \t
        • sufix + samostatn\u00e9 morf\u00e9my sa\/si (ly\u017e-e \u2192 ly\u017e-ova\u0165 sa<\/strong>);<\/li>\n \t
        • gramatick\u00e1 a tematick\u00e1 morf\u00e9ma + samostatn\u00e9 morf\u00e9my sa\/si )rovn-\u00fd \u2192 rovn-a-\u0165 sa<\/strong>);<\/li>\n \t
        • prefix + sufix + samostatn\u00e9 morf\u00e9my sa\/si (pros-i\u0165 \u2192 do<\/strong>-pros-ova\u0165 sa<\/strong>);<\/li>\n \t
        • prefix + gramatick\u00e1 morf\u00e9ma a tematick\u00e1 morf\u00e9ma + samostatn\u00e9 morf\u00e9my sa\/si (kon\u00e1r \u2192 roz<\/strong>-kon\u00e1r-i\u0165 sa<\/strong>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u0160tylistick\u00e9 vyu\u017eitie slovotvorn\u00e9ho formantu pr\u00edpony <\/strong>na rozl\u00ed\u0161enie v\u00fdznamov\u00fdch odtienkov slov:<\/p>\n\n

            \n \t
          • v zdrobnenin\u00e1ch (dom\u010dek<\/strong>, kvietok<\/strong>)<\/em>, v dysfemizmoch so zveli\u010duj\u00facim alebo zhor\u0161uj\u00facim v\u00fdznamom (chlapisko<\/strong>, frflo\u0161<\/strong>, hluch\u00e1\u0148<\/strong>)<\/em>;<\/li>\n \t
          • v pr\u00eddavn\u00fdch men\u00e1ch pod\u013ea n\u00e1padn\u00e9ho znaku (vlasat\u00fd<\/strong>, kamenist\u00fd<\/strong>)<\/em>, v zosil\u0148uj\u00facich (velik\u00e1nsky<\/strong>)<\/em> a zoslabuj\u00facich n\u00e1zvoch (zelenkast\u00fd<\/strong>, mali\u010dk\u00fd<\/strong>)<\/em>;<\/li>\n \t
          • v\u00a0zvukomalebn\u00fdch slov\u00e1ch (m\u0148auka\u0165<\/strong>) <\/em>a\u00a0citovo zafarben\u00fdch slov\u00e1ch (spinka\u0165<\/strong>)<\/em>;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \u0160tylistick\u00e9 vyu\u017eitie slovotvorn\u00e9ho formantu predpony <\/strong>je nevyhranenej\u0161ie, predpony s\u00fa potrebnej\u0161ie pri tvorbe:<\/p>\n\n

              \n \t
            • nov\u00fdch slovies<\/strong> (do<\/strong>kon\u010di\u0165, u<\/strong>kon\u010di\u0165, s<\/strong>kon\u010di\u0165, za<\/strong>kon\u010di\u0165)<\/em>;<\/li>\n \t
            • slov na vyjadrenie miery vlastnosti<\/strong> (pre<\/strong>ve\u013emi, pra<\/strong>d\u00e1vny, pri<\/strong>sladk\u00fd)<\/em>;<\/li>\n \t
            • slov na vyjadrenie nie\u010doho neprav\u00e9ho <\/strong>alebo z\u00e1porn\u00e9ho <\/strong>(pa<\/strong>veda, Ne<\/strong>slovan, kv\u00e1zi<\/strong>katol\u00edk)<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              LEXIKOL\u00d3GIA SLOVENSK\u00c9HO JAZYKA V U\u010cITE\u013dSKEJ PRAXI Z\u00c1KLADN\u00c9 POJMY SLOVOTVORBY Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 pojmy slovotvorby s\u00fa derivat\u00e9ma, slovotvorn\u00e1 motiv\u00e1cia a slovotvorn\u00e9 prostriedky. \u00a0 DERIVAT\u00c9MA je z\u00e1kladn\u00e1 jednotka derivatol\u00f3gie, resp. slovotvorn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Derivat\u00e9mami m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 napr\u00edklad motivantymotivant (motivuj\u00face slovo alebo z\u00e1kladov\u00e9 slovo) (Mnt) jednoslovn\u00e9 neodvoden\u00e9 lex\u00e9my (ruka \u2192 r\u00fa\u010dka), odvoden\u00e9 lex\u00e9my (u\u010di\u0165 \u2192 u\u010dite\u013e \u2192 u\u010dite\u013eka), viacslovn\u00e9 lex\u00e9my\/lexikalizovan\u00e9 pomenovania […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1701","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1701","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1701"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1701\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5862,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1701\/revisions\/5862"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1701"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}