{"id":2837,"date":"2023-03-04T09:26:58","date_gmt":"2023-03-04T08:26:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/?page_id=2837"},"modified":"2023-03-04T09:49:20","modified_gmt":"2023-03-04T08:49:20","slug":"uvod-do-eduk-man-2-3-1","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/uvod-do-eduk-man-2-3-1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00davod do eduk man-2-3-1"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2837\" class=\"elementor elementor-2837\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f672ed elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"6f672ed\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bbeb470\" data-id=\"bbeb470\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d82f1ef elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d82f1ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00daVOD DO EDUKA\u010cN\u00c9HO MANA\u017dMENTU <\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2858d6f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2858d6f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e63bd34\" data-id=\"e63bd34\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-0b79421 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0b79421\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-bb0ded5\" data-id=\"bb0ded5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-759b076 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"759b076\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Duch \u0161koly (1991)<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5aa9d5d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5aa9d5d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tento dokument m\u00f4\u017eeme pova\u017eova\u0165 za jeden z\u00a0prv\u00fdch pokusov o\u00a0reformu \u0161kolstva v\u00a0na\u0161ich podmienkach po roku 1989. Autori dokumentu pova\u017euj\u00fa za pr\u00ed\u010diny neuspokojiv\u00e9ho stavu \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9ho \u0161kolstva najm\u00e4: administrat\u00edvno-byrokratick\u00e9 a centralizovan\u00e9 riadenie; nekompetentn\u00e9 z\u00e1sahy apar\u00e1tu KS\u010c do \u0161kolstva; n\u00edzky podiel \u0161t\u00e1tneho rozpo\u010dtu na \u0161kolstvo; strnulos\u0165\u2019 jednotliv\u00fdch typov a stup\u0148ov \u0161k\u00f4l; nedostatky v prij\u00edman\u00ed \u017eiakov, \u0161tudentov i u\u010dite\u013eov na stredn\u00e9 a vysok\u00e9 \u0161koly; znev\u00e1\u017eenie spolo\u010densk\u00e9ho postavenia u\u010dite\u013ea, potl\u00e1\u010danie jeho osobnosti; n\u00edzku kompetenciu mnoh\u00fdch riadiacich pracovn\u00edkov v \u0161kolstve, ale i niektor\u00fdch u\u010dite\u013eov; rozmach protekcion\u00e1rstva, rodink\u00e1rstva, korupcie, lajd\u00e1ctva; n\u00edzku \u00farove\u0148 rozvoja pedagogick\u00fdch vied a \u010dinnosti v\u00fdskumn\u00fdch i metodick\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed v rezorte \u0161kolstva a\u00a0pod. V\u00edziou bol \u0161kolsk\u00fd syst\u00e9m, ktor\u00fd efekt\u00edvne prispeje k\u00a0rie\u0161eniu soci\u00e1lnych, ekonomick\u00fdch, politick\u00fdch a mor\u00e1lnych probl\u00e9mov (TUREK a\u00a0kol., 1993, 2).<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Za k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fa \u010das\u0165 tohto dokumentu m\u00f4\u017eeme pova\u017eova\u0165 16 z\u00e1sad, ktor\u00e9 je potrebn\u00e9 re\u0161pektova\u0165 pri moderniz\u00e1cii \u0161kolstva (TUREK a kol., 1993, 128-131):<\/p><ul style=\"text-align: justify;\"><li>Z\u00e1sada permanentn\u00e9ho vzdel\u00e1vania \u2013 d\u00f4raz na celo\u017eivotn\u00e9 vzdel\u00e1vanie.<\/li><li>Z\u00e1sada celo\u017eivotnej perspekt\u00edvy vzdel\u00e1vania &#8211; vzdel\u00e1vanie m\u00e1 prebieha\u0165 vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch obdobiach \u013eudsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota, pod\u013ea potrieb a podmienok ka\u017ed\u00e9ho jedinca.<\/li><li>Z\u00e1sada zmen\u0161enia formalizmu vo vzdel\u00e1van\u00ed &#8211; treba umo\u017eni\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00e9mu slobodn\u00fd v\u00fdber vlastnej cesty vzdel\u00e1vania.<\/li><li>Z\u00e1sada mobility a vo\u013eby vzdel\u00e1vania &#8211; \u0161tuduj\u00faci bud\u00fa m\u00f4c\u0165 vo\u013ene, z vlastnej v\u00f4le opusti\u0165 \u0161kolu, ale sa do nej aj vr\u00e1ti\u0165.<\/li><li>Z\u00e1sada vo\u013en\u00e9ho pr\u00edstupu k\u00a0vzdel\u00e1vaniu &#8211; pr\u00edstup k r\u00f4znym typom vzdel\u00e1vania a prij\u00edmanie \u013eud\u00ed do pracovn\u00fdch funkci\u00ed musia z\u00e1visie\u0165 v\u00fdlu\u010dne od vedomost\u00ed, schopnost\u00ed a predpokladov ka\u017ed\u00e9ho uch\u00e1dza\u010da.<\/li><li>Z\u00e1sada vzdel\u00e1vania v pred\u0161kolskom veku &#8211; v\u00fdchova deti v pred\u0161kolskom veku je z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm predpokladom vzdel\u00e1vacej a kult\u00farnej politiky.<\/li><li>Z\u00e1sada povinn\u00e9ho stredn\u00e9ho vzdelania &#8211; ka\u017ed\u00e9 die\u0165a mus\u00ed ma\u0165 zaru\u010den\u00fa mo\u017enos\u0165 z\u00edska\u0165 stredn\u00e9 v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 i odborn\u00e9 vzdelanie formou denn\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00fadia.<\/li><li>\u00daloha priemyslu, po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstva, slu\u017eieb pri vzdelan\u00ed &#8211; ak sa m\u00e1 sta\u0165 vzdel\u00e1vanie naozaj celo\u017eivotnou a masovou z\u00e1le\u017eitos\u0165ou, musia ma\u0165 priemyseln\u00e9, po\u013enohospod\u00e1rske, obchodn\u00e9 a in\u00e9 podniky rozsiahle vzdel\u00e1vacie funkcie.<\/li><li>Vysok\u00e9 \u0161koly &#8211; je potrebn\u00e9 roz\u0161irova\u0165 vzdel\u00e1vanie na vysoko\u0161kolskej (postredo\u0161kolskej) \u00farovni tak, aby bolo schopn\u00e9 uspokojova\u0165 st\u00e1le rast\u00face po\u017eiadavky jednotlivcov i spolo\u010dnosti.<\/li><li>Vzdel\u00e1vanie dospel\u00fdch &#8211; zav\u0155\u0161en\u00edm vzdel\u00e1vacieho procesu je vzdel\u00e1vanie dospel\u00fdch, ktor\u00e9 dop\u013a\u0148a v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 i odborn\u00e9 vzdelanie, zdokona\u013euje pr\u00edpravu, zabezpe\u010duje rekvalifik\u00e1ciu, prehlbuje kult\u00farne aktivity a umo\u017e\u0148uje plnohodnotn\u00e9 vyu\u017eitie vo\u013en\u00e9ho \u010dasu.<\/li><li>Sebavzdel\u00e1vanie &#8211; nov\u00fd druh vzdel\u00e1vania rob\u00ed z \u010dloveka p\u00e1na a tvorcu svojho vlastn\u00e9ho kult\u00farneho rozvoja.<\/li><li>\u017diak, \u0161tudent, vzdel\u00e1van\u00fd &#8211; zo vzdel\u00e1van\u00e9ho (\u017eiaka, \u0161tudenta), ktor\u00fd bol doteraz preva\u017ene pas\u00edvnym objektom vzdel\u00e1vacieho procesu sa st\u00e1va akt\u00edvny subjekt vlastn\u00e9ho vzdel\u00e1vania a\u00a0spolutvorca svojho du\u0161evn\u00e9ho i telesn\u00e9ho zdravia.<\/li><li>U\u010dite\u013e\u2019 &#8211; \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 syst\u00e9mu celo\u017eivotn\u00e9ho vzdel\u00e1vania z\u00e1vis\u00ed v rozhoduj\u00facej miere od u\u010dite\u013eov. U\u010dite\u013emi sa maj\u00fa sta\u0165 najschopnej\u0161\u00ed jedinci, ktor\u00ed s\u00fa s\u00fa\u010dasne mravne vyspel\u00ed a maj\u00fa pozit\u00edvny vz\u0165ah k v\u00fdchove, k\u00a0vzdel\u00e1vaniu.<\/li><li>Prostriedky vzdel\u00e1vania &#8211; pre zav\u00e1dzanie syst\u00e9mu celo\u017eivotn\u00e9ho vzdel\u00e1vania a zabezpe\u010denie jeho vysokej efekt\u00edvnosti s\u00fa ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 prostriedky vzdel\u00e1vania: organiza\u010dn\u00e9 formy, met\u00f3dy a materi\u00e1lne prostriedky.<\/li><li>Z\u00e1sada sp\u00e4tnej v\u00e4zby &#8211; podmienkou efekt\u00edvneho fungovania \u0161kolsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu je sp\u00e4tn\u00e1 v\u00e4zba, t. j. priebe\u017en\u00e1 kontrola a vyhodnocovanie v\u00fdsledkov a\u00a0efektov.<\/li><li>Riadenie &#8211; v oblasti riadenia \u0161kolsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu maj\u00fa plati\u0165 tieto princ\u00edpy: kompetencia, demokracia, decentraliz\u00e1cia.<\/li><\/ul><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00daVOD DO EDUKA\u010cN\u00c9HO MANA\u017dMENTU Duch \u0161koly (1991) Tento dokument m\u00f4\u017eeme pova\u017eova\u0165 za jeden z\u00a0prv\u00fdch pokusov o\u00a0reformu \u0161kolstva v\u00a0na\u0161ich podmienkach po roku 1989. Autori dokumentu pova\u017euj\u00fa za pr\u00ed\u010diny neuspokojiv\u00e9ho stavu \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9ho \u0161kolstva najm\u00e4: administrat\u00edvno-byrokratick\u00e9 a centralizovan\u00e9 riadenie; nekompetentn\u00e9 z\u00e1sahy apar\u00e1tu KS\u010c do \u0161kolstva; n\u00edzky podiel \u0161t\u00e1tneho rozpo\u010dtu na \u0161kolstvo; strnulos\u0165\u2019 jednotliv\u00fdch typov a stup\u0148ov \u0161k\u00f4l; nedostatky [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2837","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2837","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2837"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2837\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2880,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2837\/revisions\/2880"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2837"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}