{"id":3679,"date":"2023-03-11T10:01:17","date_gmt":"2023-03-11T09:01:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/?page_id=3679"},"modified":"2023-03-12T09:49:40","modified_gmt":"2023-03-12T08:49:40","slug":"phonetics-and-phonology-5","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/phonetics-and-phonology-5\/","title":{"rendered":"Phonetics and phonology-5"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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PHONETICS AND PHONOLOGY\n
\nSegmental Aspects<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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CLASSIFICATION OF SPEECH SOUNDS<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Each language has its own, unique, established set of phonemes manifested in pronunciation as vowels and consonants. They are combined to form syllables, words, utterances. A restricted set of phonemes used in one particular language (accent) is called phonemic inventory<\/em>.<\/p>

From the phonetic point of view<\/strong>, vowels are \u201csounds in which there is no obstruction to the flow of air as it passes from larynx to the lips\u201d (Roach, 1996, p. 10). Consonants are \u201cspeech sounds produced by a\u00a0partial or complete obstruction of the air stream by any of various constrictions of the speech organs\u201d (Webster\u00b4s II New Riverside University Dictionary, 1984, p. 302). The obstruction can be realized as a\u00a0closure (complete closure for plosives, affricates and nasals, and partial closure for laterals), narrowing (for fricatives) or narrowing without friction (for approximants) (in details, see Chapter 7).<\/p>

Phonological definition<\/strong> provides the information about the\u00a0position and function of speech sounds in words. Vowels<\/strong>, i.e. monophthongs, diphthongs or triphthongs, function as centres of syllables or, in other words, as syllable nuclei or peaks of sonority in both English and Slovak. In contrast to consonants, vowels can form syllables without any presence of consonants. Consonants<\/strong> function at the edges of syllables, e.g. yes \/jes\/, write \/r<\/em>a\u026at\/.<\/em><\/p>

Monophthongs do not show any \u201cdetectable change in quality during a\u00a0syllable\u201d (Crystal, 1991, p. 222), while diphthongs are classified as gliding vowels. It means that when pronouncing a\u00a0diphthong we \u201cglide from one vowel to another\u201d (Roach 1996, p. 20), or from the first to the second segment of a diphthong. Diphthongs are pronounced within one syllable rapidly and without interruption <\/strong>(e.g. may \/me\u026a\/, boy \/b\u037b\u026a\/, daily \/de\u026a.li\/)<\/em>. This feature differentiates them from a\u00a0hiatus, a\u00a0combination of vowels merged into vowel clusters being pronounced in two syllables (e.g. do-ing \/d\u028b.\u026a\u03b7\/, vi-de-o \/vi.de.o\/)<\/em>. A\u00a0hiatus is a combination of vowel sounds often found in words of foreign origin, e.g. neon \/ne.on\/, aorta \/a.or.ta\/ <\/em>(B\u00e1zlik, Mi\u0161kovi\u010dov\u00e1, 2012, p. 99).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PHONETICS AND PHONOLOGY Segmental Aspects CLASSIFICATION OF SPEECH SOUNDS Each language has its own, unique, established set of phonemes manifested in pronunciation as vowels and consonants. They are combined to form syllables, words, utterances. A restricted set of phonemes used in one particular language (accent) is called phonemic inventory. From the phonetic point of view, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3679","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3679","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3679"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3679\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3876,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3679\/revisions\/3876"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3679"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}