{"id":3699,"date":"2023-03-11T10:07:07","date_gmt":"2023-03-11T09:07:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/?page_id=3699"},"modified":"2023-03-12T09:26:02","modified_gmt":"2023-03-12T08:26:02","slug":"phonetics-and-phonology-lists","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/phonetics-and-phonology-lists\/","title":{"rendered":"Phonetics and phonology-lists"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

PHONETICS AND PHONOLOGY\n
\nSegmental Aspects<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

List of abbreviations:<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

<\/a><\/h1>

cf (confer) – compare <\/em><\/p>

e.g. (exempli gratia) \u2013 for example<\/em><\/p>

ELT \u2013 English Language Teaching<\/em><\/p>

GA – General American<\/em><\/p>

GB \u2013 General British<\/em><\/p>

i.e. (id est) \u2013 it means<\/em><\/p>

IPA \u2013 International Phonetic Alphabet\/ International Phonetic Association<\/em><\/p>

MLE \u2013 Multicultural London English<\/em><\/p>

PI \u2013 Phonemic Inventory<\/em><\/p>

PIE \u2013 Proto-Indo-European<\/em><\/p>

PSP \u2013 Public School Pronunciation<\/em><\/p>

RP \u2013 Received Pronunciation<\/em><\/p>

SE \u2013 Standard English<\/em><\/p>

UK \u2013 United Kingdom<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

List of figures:<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Figure 1: Speech chain, ROACH, P.<\/em> 2009.<\/em> English Phonetics and Phonology. Cambridge University Press, 2009, p. 185<\/em><\/p>

Figure 2: The International Phonetic Alphabet \u2013 transcription symbols, JONES, D.<\/em> 2003.<\/em> Cambridge<\/em> English Pronouncing Dictionary. Cambridge University Press, 2003, p. xx<\/em><\/p>

Figure 3: Organs of speech, GIMSON, A.C. 1970. An Introduction to the Pronunciation of English. England: Edward Arnold, 1970, p. 8<\/em><\/p>

Figure 4: Regional Accents of the UK. https:\/\/www.universitytranscriptions.co.uk\/top-10-difficult-uk-regional-accents-for-transcription\/<\/em><\/p>

Figure 5: British and American vowels, JONES, D.<\/em> 2003.<\/em> Cambridge<\/em> English Pronouncing Dictionary. Cambridge University Press, 2003, p. 583<\/em><\/p>

Figure 6: English distinctive vowels, PAVL\u00cdK, R. 2000. Phonetics and Phonology of English. Bratislava: PdFUK, 2000, p. 66<\/em><\/p>

Figure 7: Slovak distinctive vowels, KR\u00c1\u013d, \u00c1. \u2013 SABOL, J. 1989. Fonetika a fonol\u00f3gia. Bratislava: SPN, 1989, p. 126<\/em><\/p>

Figure 8: The cardinal vowels, HANDKE, J. 2013. The Virtual Linguistics Campus. ActiveBoard by Promethean, 2013<\/em><\/p>

Figure 9: Primary and secondary cardinal vowels, ROACH, P. 1996. English Phonetics and Phonology. Cambridge University Press, 1996, p. 13 \u00a0<\/em><\/p>

Figure 10: British English diphthongs, CRYSTAL, D. 2011. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2011, p. 241<\/em> \u00a0<\/em><\/p>

Figure 11: American English diphthongs – https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/figure\/American-English-vowels-and-diphthongs-29_fig3_339016220<\/em><\/p>

Figure 12: Slovak diphthongs, PAVL\u00cdK, R. 2000. Phonetics and Phonology of English. Bratislava: PdF UK, 2000, p. 258<\/em> \u00a0<\/em><\/p>

Figure 13: English consonants, www.languagebasecamp.com<\/em> \u00a0<\/em><\/p>

Figure 14: https:\/\/sandiegovoiceandaccent.com\/videos\/how-to-pronounce-the-l-sound-light-l-vs-dark-l<\/em><\/p>

Figure 15: Kiki and bouba experiment, RAMACHANDRAN, V. S., HUBBARD, E. M. 2001. Synaesthesia \u2013 A Window into Perception, Thought and Language. In: Journal of Consciousness Studies, 8.12, 2001, pp. 3 \u2013 34\u00a0 <\/em><\/p>

Figure 16: Symbolic Scales, NEWMAN, S. S. 1933. Further Experiments in Phonetic Symbolism. In: The American Journal of Psychology, 45.1.1933, pp. 53 – 75<\/em><\/p>

Figure 17: Spectrogram presenting vowel formants, LADEFOGED, P. 2000. Vowels and Consonants: An Introduction to the Sounds of Languages. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers Inc., 2000, p. 37) <\/em><\/p>

Figure 18: Oscillogram and spectrogram as compared in the article: https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/265939965_DO_FRENCH-SPEAKING_LEARNERS_SIMPLY_OMIT_THE_ENGLISH_h<\/em><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

List of tables:<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Table 1: Phonemic chart, adapted by AlbaEnglish.co.uk<\/em><\/p>

Table 2: <\/em>The chart of English consonant phonemes<\/em>, ROACH, P.<\/em> 1996.<\/em> English Phonetics and Phonology. Cambridge University Press, 1996, p. 62<\/em><\/p>

Table 3: <\/em>The chart of Slovak consonant phonemes \u2013 adapted by the author according to<\/em> SI\u010c\u00c1KOV\u00c1, \u013d. 2002. <\/em>Fonetika a fonol\u00f3gia pre elementaristov. Pre\u0161ov: N\u00e1uka, 2002, p. 50<\/em><\/p>

Table 4: Average formant frequencies of English vowels pronounced by an adult male, WELLS, J. C. 1962. <\/em>A\u00a0Study of the Formants of the Pure Vowels of British English. University of London, U.K., available at http:\/\/www.phon.ucl.ac.uk\/home\/wells\/formants\/index. Html<\/em><\/p>

Table 5: Average formant frequencies of Slovak vowels, KR\u00c1\u013d, \u00c1. – SABOL, J. 1989. <\/em>Fonetika a\u00a0fonol\u00f3gia. Bratislava: SPN, 1989, pp. 204 \u2013 209<\/em><\/p>

Table 6: Face-to-face communication, PAVL\u00cdK, R. 2000. Phonetics and Phonology of English. Bratislava: PdFUK, 2000, p. 13<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PHONETICS AND PHONOLOGY Segmental Aspects List of abbreviations: cf (confer) – compare e.g. (exempli gratia) \u2013 for example ELT \u2013 English Language Teaching GA – General American GB \u2013 General British i.e. (id est) \u2013 it means IPA \u2013 International Phonetic Alphabet\/ International Phonetic Association MLE \u2013 Multicultural London English PI \u2013 Phonemic Inventory PIE […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3699","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3699","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3699"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3699\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3827,"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3699\/revisions\/3827"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-ucebnice.ff.ucm.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3699"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}